Faltýnková Anna, Jouet Damien, Nielsen Ólafur Karl, Skírnisson Karl
Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, Brno, 613 00, Czech Republic.
ESCAPE UR7510, USC ANSES PETARD, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096, Reims Cedex, France.
Parasitol Res. 2024 Mar 4;123(3):147. doi: 10.1007/s00436-024-08161-w.
Strigea falconis is a common parasite of birds of prey and owls widely distributed in the Holarctic. We aimed to characterise S. falconis from Iceland via integrative taxonomic approach and to contribute to the understanding of its circulation in the Holarctic. We recovered adult S. falconis from two gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus) collected in 2011 and 2012 in Iceland (Reykjanes Peninsula, Westfjords) and characterised them by morphological and molecular genetic (D2 of rDNA, cox1, ND1 of the mDNA) methods. We provide the first species record of S. falconis in Iceland which to the best of our knowledge is its northernmost distributional range. The presence of S. falconis in Iceland is surprising, as there are no suitable intermediate hosts allowing completion of its life cycle. Gyrfalcons are fully sedentary in Iceland; thus, the only plausible explanation is that they acquired their infection by preying upon migratory birds arriving from Europe. Our data indicate that the most likely candidates are Anseriformes and Charadriiformes. Also, we corroborate the wide geographical distribution of S. falconis, as we found a high degree of similarity between our haplotypes and sequences of mesocercariae from frogs in France and of a metacercaria from Turdus naumanni in Japan, and adults from Buteo buteo and Circus aeruginosus from the Czech Republic. The case of Strigea falconis shows the advantages of a complex life cycle and also depicts its pitfalls when a parasite is introduced to a new area with no suitable intermediate hosts. In Iceland, gyrfalcons are apparently dead-end hosts for S. falconis.
隼形斯特里绦虫是一种常见于猛禽和猫头鹰的寄生虫，广泛分布于全北区。我们旨在通过综合分类学方法对来自冰岛的隼形斯特里绦虫进行特征描述，并促进对其在全北区传播情况的了解。我们从2011年和2012年在冰岛（雷克雅内斯半岛、西峡湾）采集的两只矛隼（矛隼）体内获取了成年隼形斯特里绦虫，并通过形态学和分子遗传学（核糖体DNA的D2区、细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1、线粒体DNA的ND1）方法对其进行了特征描述。我们提供了冰岛隼形斯特里绦虫的首个物种记录，据我们所知，这是其最北的分布范围。隼形斯特里绦虫在冰岛的存在令人惊讶，因为这里没有合适的中间宿主来完成其生命周期。矛隼在冰岛完全定居；因此，唯一合理的解释是它们通过捕食从欧洲飞来的候鸟而感染。我们的数据表明，最有可能的候选者是雁形目和鸻形目。此外，我们证实了隼形斯特里绦虫广泛的地理分布，因为我们发现我们的单倍型与法国青蛙体内尾蚴、日本斑鸫体内后尾蚴以及捷克共和国普通鵟和白尾鹞体内成虫的序列高度相似。隼形斯特里绦虫的案例展示了复杂生命周期的优势，也描绘了将寄生虫引入没有合适中间宿主的新区域时所面临的困境。在冰岛，矛隼显然是隼形斯特里绦虫的终末宿主。
