Aljerian Albaraa, Abi-Rafeh Jad, Hemmerling Thomas, Gilardino Mirko S
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Division of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Plast Surg (Oakv). 2024 Feb;32(1):19-32. doi: 10.1177/22925503221078693. Epub 2022 Feb 21.
Aesthetic liposuction represents one of the most commonly performed cosmetic procedures worldwide. The purpose of this article is to examine and synthesize reported complication rates and explore the analytical prospect of possible patient or procedure-related predictive factors associated with specific complications. A systematic review was performed using the Pubmed, Cochrane, and Embase databases in line with specific criteria set to ensure an accurate assessment of complication rates; extracted data was synthesized through a random-effects model and meta-analysis of proportions. A total of 60 studies were included in the meta-analysis, representing 21,776 patients undergoing aesthetic liposuction. Most studies followed an observational design. The overall complication rate was 12% (95% confidence interval [CI] 8%, 16%). When stratifying according to specific complications, the incidence of contour irregularities was determined to be 2% (95% CI 1%, 2%), seroma 2% (95% CI 1%; 2%), hematoma 1% (95% CI 0%, 1%), surgical site infection 1% (95% CI 1%, 2%), fibrosis or induration 1% (95% CI 1%, 2%), and pigmentary changes 1% (95% CI 1%, 1%), among others. A meta-regression to identify patient- or procedure-related factors associated with greater complication rates proved infeasible given the nature of the available data. Overall, liposuction demonstrated a relatively low complication rate profile, however, a considerable degree of heterogeneity exists within the examined literature preventing the recognition of predictive risk factors. While this calls for efforts to establish consensus on unified methods of outcomes reporting, the present meta-analysis can serve to provide practitioners with an evidence-based reference to improve informed consent and inform clinical guidelines, specifically pertaining to the incidence of commonly encountered complications in aesthetic liposuction, of which presently available survey studies and database queries remain devoid.
美容抽脂术是全球最常开展的美容手术之一。本文旨在研究并综合已报道的并发症发生率，并探讨与特定并发症相关的可能的患者或手术相关预测因素的分析前景。按照设定的特定标准，使用PubMed、Cochrane和Embase数据库进行了系统综述，以确保准确评估并发症发生率；通过随机效应模型和比例的荟萃分析对提取的数据进行了综合分析。荟萃分析共纳入60项研究，代表21776例接受美容抽脂术的患者。大多数研究采用观察性设计。总体并发症发生率为12%（95%置信区间[CI]8%，16%）。根据特定并发症进行分层时，轮廓不规则的发生率为2%（95%CI 1%，2%），血清肿为2%（95%CI 1%；2%），血肿为1%（95%CI 0%，1%），手术部位感染为1%（95%CI 1%，2%），纤维化或硬结为1%（95%CI 1%，2%），色素沉着变化为1%（95%CI 1%，1%）等。鉴于现有数据的性质，进行荟萃回归以识别与较高并发症发生率相关的患者或手术相关因素被证明是不可行的。总体而言，抽脂术显示出相对较低的并发症发生率，但在所审查的文献中存在相当程度的异质性，妨碍了对预测风险因素的识别。虽然这需要努力就统一的结果报告方法达成共识，但本荟萃分析可为从业者提供基于证据的参考，以改善知情同意并为临床指南提供信息，特别是关于美容抽脂术中常见并发症的发生率，目前可用的调查研究和数据库查询仍然缺乏这方面的信息。
