Nishizawa-Yokoi Ayako, Toki Seiichi
Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3 Kannondai.
Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Yokohama.
Plant Biotechnol (Tokyo). 2023 Dec 25;40(4):255-262. doi: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.23.0525a.
Transposons are mobile genetic elements that can move to a different position within a genome or between genomes. They have long been used as a tool for genetic engineering, including transgenesis, insertional mutagenesis, and marker excision, in a variety of organisms. The transposon derived from the cabbage looper moth is one of the most promising transposon tools ever identified because has the advantage that it can transpose without leaving a footprint at the excised site. Applying the transposon to precise genome editing in plants, we have demonstrated efficient and precise transposon excision from a transgene locus integrated into the rice genome. Furthermore, introduction of only desired point mutations into the target gene can be achieved by a combination of precise gene modification via homologous recombination-mediated gene targeting with subsequent marker excision from target loci using transposition in rice. In addition, we have designed a -mediated transgenesis system for the temporary expression of sequence-specific nucleases to eliminate the transgene from the host genome without leaving unnecessary sequences after the successful induction of targeted mutagenesis via sequence-specific nucleases for use in vegetatively propagated plants. In this review, we summarize our previous works and the future prospects of genetic engineering with transposon.
转座子是可移动的遗传元件，能够在基因组内或基因组间移动到不同位置。长期以来，它们一直被用作基因工程工具，包括在多种生物体中进行转基因、插入诱变和标记切除。源自甘蓝夜蛾的转座子是有史以来最有前景的转座子工具之一，因为它具有在切除位点不留下痕迹就能转座的优势。将该转座子应用于植物的精确基因组编辑，我们已证明从整合到水稻基因组中的转基因位点高效且精确地切除转座子。此外，通过同源重组介导的基因靶向进行精确基因修饰，并随后利用水稻中的转座作用从靶位点切除标记，能够实现仅将所需的点突变引入靶基因。此外，我们设计了一种介导的转基因系统，用于序列特异性核酸酶的瞬时表达，以便在通过序列特异性核酸酶成功诱导靶向诱变后，从宿主基因组中消除转基因而不留下不必要的序列，用于营养繁殖植物。在本综述中，我们总结了我们以前的工作以及利用转座子进行基因工程的未来前景。
