Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Health Promotion Division, Agenzia Tutela Salute Milano, Milan, Italy.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024 Mar 5;24(1):143. doi: 10.1186/s12872-024-03786-2.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Arterial hypertension is one of the main cardiovascular risk factors. Despite this, individuals with hypertension often fail to follow medical advice to counteract cardiovascular risks. A physically active lifestyle is one of the most challenging behaviors to adopt. This study aimed to preliminarily investigate the effectiveness of a tailored print message intervention to increase physical activity in patients with arterial hypertension.
A sample of 188 patients with hypertension (mean age = 63 years; SD = 10.9; 50% men) participated in a theory-based tailored health communication intervention. Participants were randomly assigned to three parallel groups: (1) the tailored group, which received tailored health brochures; (2) the non-tailored group, which received non-tailored health brochures; or (3) the usual care group, which received no informative print materials. The longitudinal physical activity trajectories (baseline, 6- and 12-month follow-ups) were examined using repeated measures ANOVA and growth curve models.
At the baseline, 38.8% of patients achieved the target physical activity. This percentage rose to 43.0% at 6-month follow-up and 46.0% at 12-month follow-up. The descriptive statistics divided in function of the experimental group suggested differences in the longitudinal trend of the mean physical activity depending on the experimental group. However, statistical significance using repeated measures ANOVA did not support this observation. The analysis of the growth curves suggested that the tailored group showed a progressive increase in physical activity over twelve months (the model that best described the longitudinal trajectory was a linear growth model). The non-tailored group showed an increase in physical activity six months after the beginning of the intervention, followed by a decrease (free time score model). The usual care group did not change over time (no-growth model).
Findings suggest the effectiveness of the tailored intervention proposed. However, further investigations and empirical confirmations are required.
ISRCTN13415993 ( https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN13415993 ). Registration date: 08/04/2019.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。动脉高血压是主要心血管风险因素之一。尽管如此，高血压患者往往未能遵循医学建议来对抗心血管风险。积极的生活方式是最难养成的行为之一。本研究旨在初步探讨定制印刷信息干预对增加动脉高血压患者身体活动的有效性。
188 名高血压患者（平均年龄=63 岁；标准差=10.9；50%为男性）参与了一项基于理论的定制健康传播干预。参与者被随机分配到三个平行组：（1）定制组，接受定制健康手册；（2）非定制组，接受非定制健康手册；或（3）常规护理组，不接受任何信息印刷材料。使用重复测量 ANOVA 和增长曲线模型检查纵向身体活动轨迹（基线、6 个月和 12 个月随访）。
在基线时，38.8%的患者达到了目标身体活动量。这一比例在 6 个月随访时上升到 43.0%，在 12 个月随访时上升到 46.0%。根据实验组的描述性统计数据，在身体活动的纵向趋势方面存在差异。然而，重复测量 ANOVA 的统计意义并不支持这一观察结果。增长曲线分析表明，定制组在 12 个月内身体活动逐渐增加（最能描述纵向轨迹的模型是线性增长模型）。非定制组在干预开始后 6 个月身体活动增加，随后减少（自由时间评分模型）。常规护理组随时间没有变化（无增长模型）。
研究结果表明，所提出的定制干预是有效的。然而，还需要进一步的研究和实证验证。
ISRCTN13415993（https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN13415993）。注册日期：2019 年 8 月 4 日。
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