高心率变异性缓冲了依恋不安全感对睡眠质量的影响。
High Heart Rate Variability Buffers the Effect of Attachment Insecurity on Sleep Quality.
机构信息
From the Department of Psychological Sciences (Paoletti-Hatcher, Argueta, Wu-Chung, Fagundes), Rice University, Houston, Texas; Institute for Policy Research (Chen), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Brown), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychology & Neuroscience (LeRoy), Baylor University, Waco, Texas; Department of Biobehavioral Health (Murdock), Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychological Sciences (Thayer), University of California Irvine, Irvine, California; Department of Behavioral Science (Fagundes), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; and Department of Psychiatry (Fagundes), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
出版信息
Psychosom Med. 2024 May 1;86(4):349-358. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000001295. Epub 2024 Mar 4.
OBJECTIVE
Sleep quality is an important health-protective factor. Psychosocial factors, including attachment orientation, may be valuable for understanding who is at risk of poor sleep quality and associated adverse health outcomes. High attachment anxiety is reliably associated with adverse health outcomes, whereas high attachment avoidance is associated with adverse health outcomes when co-occurring with poor self-regulatory capacity, indexed by heart rate variability (HRV). We examined the associations between attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, HRV, and sleep quality.
METHODS
Using longitudinal data from a sample of 171 older adults measured four times over 1 year ( M = 66.18 years old; 67.83% women), we separated the between-person variance (which we call "trait") and within-person variance (which we call "state") for attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and HRV (via the root mean square of successive differences). Sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
RESULTS
Higher trait attachment anxiety was associated with poorer global sleep quality ( B = 0.22, p = .005). Higher state attachment avoidance was associated with poorer sleep quality ( B = -0.13, p = .01), except for those with higher trait HRV. Higher state attachment anxiety was associated with poorer sleep quality ( B = -0.15, p = .002), except for those with higher or mean trait HRV. Higher trait attachment anxiety was associated with poorer sleep quality ( B = -0.31, p = .02), except for those with higher trait HRV.
CONCLUSIONS
High trait HRV mitigated the adverse effects of attachment insecurity on sleep quality. Our results suggest that people with high trait HRV had greater self-regulation capacity, which may enable them to enact emotion regulation strategies effectively.
目的
睡眠质量是一个重要的健康保护因素。心理社会因素，包括依恋倾向，可能有助于了解谁有睡眠质量差和相关不良健康后果的风险。高依恋焦虑与不良健康后果可靠相关，而高依恋回避与不良健康后果相关，当与自我调节能力差同时发生时，以心率变异性（HRV）为指标。我们研究了依恋焦虑、依恋回避、HRV 和睡眠质量之间的关系。
方法
使用来自 171 名老年人样本的纵向数据，该样本在一年内测量了四次（平均年龄 66.18 岁；67.83%为女性），我们将依恋焦虑、依恋回避和 HRV 的个体间方差（我们称之为“特质”）和个体内方差（我们称之为“状态”）分开（通过连续差异的均方根）。睡眠质量使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数测量。
结果
较高的特质依恋焦虑与整体睡眠质量较差相关（B = 0.22，p =.005）。较高的状态依恋回避与睡眠质量较差相关（B = -0.13，p =.01），但对于 HRV 较高的个体除外。较高的状态依恋焦虑与睡眠质量较差相关（B = -0.15，p =.002），但对于 HRV 较高或平均的个体除外。较高的特质依恋焦虑与睡眠质量较差相关（B = -0.31，p =.02），但对于 HRV 较高的个体除外。
结论
高特质 HRV 减轻了依恋不安全感对睡眠质量的不利影响。我们的结果表明，高特质 HRV 的人具有更大的自我调节能力，这可能使他们能够有效地实施情绪调节策略。
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