Defina Serena, Woofenden Tom, Baltramonaityte Vilte, Tiemeier Henning, Fairchild Graeme, Felix Janine F, Cecil Charlotte A M, Walton Esther
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
Prev Med. 2024 May;182:107926. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107926. Epub 2024 Mar 4.
Early-life stress (ELS) is an established risk factor for a host of adult mental and physical health problems, including both depression and obesity. Recent studies additionally showed that ELS was associated with an increased risk of comorbidity between mental and physical health problems, already in adolescence. Healthy lifestyle factors, including physical activity, sleep and diet have also been robustly linked to both emotional and physical wellbeing. However, it is yet unclear whether these lifestyle factors may moderate the association between ELS and psycho-physical comorbidity.
We investigated whether (a) participation in physical activity, (b) sleep duration, and (c) adherence to a Mediterranean diet, moderated the relationship between cumulative ELS exposure over the first 10 years of life and psycho-physical comorbidity at the age of 13.5 years. Analyses were conducted in 2022-2023, using data from two large adolescent samples based in the UK (ALSPAC; n = 8428) and The Netherlands (Generation R; n = 4268).
Exposure to ELS was significantly associated with a higher risk of developing comorbidity, however this association was not modified by any of the three lifestyle factors investigated. Only physical activity was significantly associated with a reduced risk of comorbidity in one cohort (OR [95%CI] = 0.73 [0.59;0.89]).
In conclusion, while we found some evidence that more frequent physical activity may be associated with a reduction in psycho-physical comorbidity, we did not find evidence in support of the hypothesised moderation effects. However, more research is warranted to examine how these associations may evolve over time.
早年生活应激（ELS）是一系列成人心理和身体健康问题的既定风险因素，包括抑郁症和肥胖症。最近的研究还表明，ELS与心理和身体健康问题之间的共病风险增加有关，这种情况在青少年时期就已出现。包括体育活动、睡眠和饮食在内的健康生活方式因素也与情绪和身体健康密切相关。然而，尚不清楚这些生活方式因素是否可能缓和ELS与身心共病之间的关联。
我们调查了（a）参与体育活动、（b）睡眠时间和（c）坚持地中海饮食是否缓和了生命最初10年累积ELS暴露与13.5岁时身心共病之间的关系。分析于2022年至2023年进行，使用了来自英国的两个大型青少年样本（ALSPAC；n = 8428）和荷兰的（Generation R；n = 4268）的数据。
暴露于ELS与发生共病的较高风险显著相关，然而，这种关联并未被所调查的三种生活方式因素中的任何一种所改变。只有体育活动在一个队列中与共病风险降低显著相关（OR [95%CI] = 0.73 [0.59；0.89]）。
总之，虽然我们发现一些证据表明更频繁的体育活动可能与身心共病的减少有关，但我们没有找到支持假设的调节作用的证据。然而，有必要进行更多研究来检查这些关联如何随时间演变。
