Håkanson R, Alumets J, Sundler F
Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1979;53:27-32.
Endocrine tumours (argyrophil cell carcinoids) are frequent in the oxyntic mucosa of mastomys. The tumour is notable for its high histamine content and for its high histidine decarboxylase activity. The tumour is thought to arise from the histamine-storing, enterochromaffin-like cells of the oxyntic mucosa. They are of two ultrastructurally distinguishable types, ECL cells and A-like cells, both of which have been demonstrated in the tumour. Identical cells have been demonstrated in the oxyntic mucosa of the rat; there is much evidence that in this species the functional activity and the number of these cells are determined by the serum gastrin concentration. However, tumours have never been found to arise from these cells in the rat. As an initial step in an attempt to explain the formation of the gastric endocrine tumour in the mastomys we examined the distribution and frequency of occurrence of endocrine cells in the mastomys stomach. Gastrin cells in the antrum of mastomys seemed to occur in about the same frequency as in the antrum of rat and mouse. 5-HT-storing enterochromaffin cells, however, were considerably more numerous in the mastomys, whereas the somatostatin cells in the antrum were fewer. The number of enterochromaffin-like cells and somatostratin cells in the oxyntic mucosa of mastomys was much lower than in the rat and mouse. Once developed, the gastric endocrine tumour seems to reduce the antral gastrin cell number; the larger the tumour the greater the reduction.
内分泌肿瘤（嗜银细胞类癌）在多乳鼠的胃底黏膜中很常见。该肿瘤以其高组胺含量和高组氨酸脱羧酶活性而闻名。这种肿瘤被认为起源于胃底黏膜中储存组胺的肠嗜铬样细胞。它们有两种在超微结构上可区分的类型，即肠嗜铬样细胞（ECL细胞）和A样细胞，这两种细胞在肿瘤中均已得到证实。在大鼠的胃底黏膜中也发现了相同的细胞；有大量证据表明，在这个物种中，这些细胞的功能活性和数量由血清胃泌素浓度决定。然而，在大鼠中从未发现这些细胞会引发肿瘤。作为解释多乳鼠胃内分泌肿瘤形成的第一步，我们研究了多乳鼠胃内分泌细胞的分布和出现频率。多乳鼠胃窦中的胃泌素细胞出现频率似乎与大鼠和小鼠胃窦中的大致相同。然而，储存5-羟色胺的肠嗜铬细胞在多乳鼠中要多得多，而胃窦中的生长抑素细胞则较少。多乳鼠胃底黏膜中的肠嗜铬样细胞和生长抑素细胞数量比大鼠和小鼠中的要低得多。一旦胃内分泌肿瘤形成，它似乎会减少胃窦胃泌素细胞的数量；肿瘤越大，减少幅度越大。
