Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana. Av. Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte. 44036-900 Feira de Santana BA Brasil.
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia. Salvador BA Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2024 Mar;29(3):e11862023. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232024293.11862023. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
The incidence of premature birth has increased worldwide, unequally distributed by race/ethnicity. Racism generates economic inequalities, educational disparities, and differential access to health care, which increases the risk of preterm birth. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with preterm birth and racial and ethnic disparities in premature birth among pregnant women attending prenatal care at the Brazilian Unified Health System health units in the urban area of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil. This study used data from 938 pregnant women aged between 18 to 45 years within the NISAMI prospective cohort. Premature birth prevalence was 11.8%, with a higher prevalence among black than non-black women (12.9% versus 6.0%, respectively). Maternal age between 18 and 24 years was the only factor associated with premature birth. A higher risk of premature birth was found among black women than non-black women (RR 3.22; 95%CI 1.42-7.32). These results reveal the existence of racial and social inequalities in the occurrence of premature birth.
早产的发生率在全球范围内有所增加，且在不同种族/民族之间分布不均。种族主义会导致经济不平等、教育差距和医疗保健获取方面的差异，从而增加早产的风险。因此，本研究旨在评估与早产相关的因素，并评估在巴西巴伊亚州圣安东尼奥德热苏斯市城市地区的巴西统一卫生系统卫生单位接受产前护理的孕妇中，早产的种族和民族差异。本研究使用了来自 NISAMI 前瞻性队列的 938 名年龄在 18 至 45 岁之间的孕妇的数据。早产的患病率为 11.8%，黑人孕妇的患病率高于非黑人孕妇（分别为 12.9%和 6.0%）。18 至 24 岁的产妇年龄是唯一与早产相关的因素。黑人孕妇发生早产的风险高于非黑人孕妇（RR 3.22；95%CI 1.42-7.32）。这些结果表明，早产的发生存在种族和社会不平等。
