Mani Vadivel, Dash Ipsita, Chandrashekar Sangeeta, Natarajan Muninathan
Department of Biochemistry, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Amalapuram, Anadhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Biochemistry, S.L.N Medical College Hospital, Koraput, Odisha, India.
Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2024 Mar-Apr;18(2):7-16.
Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and systemic resistance to insulin are typical manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus. One of the main pathophysiological alterations in insulin-sensitive organs is mitochondrial malfunction associated with oxidative stress and diminished fuel utilization. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) has qualities that are anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic. In this work, rats suffering from type 2 diabetes were given a diet high in fat and sugar with the aim of examining the ameliorative effects of BCP on oxidative stress-mediated hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction.
The diabetic condition was experimentally induced by feeding rats a high-calorie diet. The rats were then administered the recommended doses of BCP and metformin (MET) once every day for 30 days at 200 mg and 50 mg concentrations per kg of body weight, respectively, to prove the hypothesis of the study that BCP ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Mitochondrial dysfunction can be identified by indicators such as oxidative stress, cardiolipin dienes, membrane phospholipid concentration, and mitochondrial enzymes.
The mitochondria in the liver of rats with diabetes exhibit elevated redox imbalance-related parameters and malfunctioning mitochondria with peroxided cardiolipin, while their amounts of glutathione and phospholipids are lowered. Oxidative stress indices, ameliorated mitochondrial activities, and peroxided cardiolipin were drastically decreased in rats with diabetes treated with BCP or MET.
The present research demonstrated that BCP improved the vital role of mitochondria by reducing free radical dominance in type 2 diabetic experimental rats fed high-fat and high-sugar diets.
高血糖、高血脂和全身胰岛素抵抗是2型糖尿病的典型表现。胰岛素敏感器官主要的病理生理改变之一是与氧化应激和能量利用减少相关的线粒体功能障碍。β-石竹烯（BCP）具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、降血脂和降血糖的特性。在本研究中，给予2型糖尿病大鼠高脂肪高糖饮食，旨在研究BCP对氧化应激介导的肝脏线粒体功能障碍的改善作用。
通过给大鼠喂食高热量饮食来实验性诱导糖尿病状态。然后分别以每千克体重200毫克和50毫克的浓度，每天给大鼠灌胃推荐剂量的BCP和二甲双胍（MET），持续30天，以验证本研究的假设，即BCP可改善糖尿病大鼠氧化应激诱导的线粒体功能障碍。线粒体功能障碍可通过氧化应激、心磷脂二烯、膜磷脂浓度和线粒体酶等指标来识别。
糖尿病大鼠肝脏中的线粒体表现出氧化还原失衡相关参数升高，线粒体功能异常且心磷脂过氧化，同时其谷胱甘肽和磷脂含量降低。用BCP或MET治疗的糖尿病大鼠的氧化应激指标、线粒体活性改善以及心磷脂过氧化程度均显著降低。
本研究表明，在喂食高脂肪高糖饮食的2型糖尿病实验大鼠中，BCP通过减少自由基优势改善了线粒体的重要作用。
