School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, China.
J Genet Psychol. 2024 Nov-Dec;185(6):415-426. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2024.2319235. Epub 2024 Mar 8.
This study explored the influence of genetic and environmental factors on adolescent anxiety. Ninety-eight monozygotic and dizygotic twins from Chongqing, China (aged 15-18 years) were assessed for anxiety with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were applied to assess environmental factors. Venous blood was drawn from the twins for zygosity determination. Structural equation modeling was performed to evaluate the effects of additive genetic factors (A), common environmental factors (C), and individual-specific environmental factors (E) on adolescent anxiety. The estimates of A and E on adolescent anxiety were 0.34 (95% CI = 0.12-0.53) and 0.66 (95% CI:0.47-0.89), respectively. The environment played an important role in adolescent anxiety. Adolescent anxiety was significantly positively correlated with peer relations ( = 0.606, < 0.05) and negatively correlated with prosocial behavior ( = 0.207, < 0. 05). No sex differences were observed. Adolescent anxiety was influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The individual-specific environmental factors played an important role. Consideration of these variables will facilitate the targeted and individualized implementation of specific interventions for adolescent anxiety.
本研究探讨了遗传和环境因素对青少年焦虑的影响。来自中国重庆的 98 对同卵和异卵双胞胎（年龄在 15-18 岁之间）接受了自我评估焦虑量表（SAS）的评估。采用父母教养方式和维度问卷（PSDQ）和长处与困难问卷（SDQ）评估环境因素。从双胞胎中抽取静脉血进行同卵双生子鉴定。采用结构方程模型评估加性遗传因素（A）、共同环境因素（C）和个体特异环境因素（E）对青少年焦虑的影响。A 和 E 对青少年焦虑的估计值分别为 0.34（95%CI=0.12-0.53）和 0.66（95%CI：0.47-0.89）。环境在青少年焦虑中起着重要作用。青少年焦虑与同伴关系显著正相关（ = 0.606， < 0.05），与亲社会行为显著负相关（ = 0.207， < 0.05）。未观察到性别差异。青少年焦虑受遗传和环境因素的共同影响。个体特异环境因素起着重要作用。考虑这些变量将有助于针对青少年焦虑实施有针对性和个体化的特定干预措施。
