James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1678, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
J Vet Cardiol. 2024 Apr;52:72-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jvc.2024.02.006. Epub 2024 Feb 8.
Aortocardiac fistula is a broad term used to describe defects between the aorta and other cardiac chambers that can occur in humans and animals. A 1.5-year-old, 1.7 kg, male castrated Holland lop rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was presented for a two-week history of a heart murmur with corresponding cardiomegaly on radiographs. Physical examination confirmed a grade-V/VI continuous heart murmur on the right sternal border with a regular rhythm and a gallop sound. Echocardiography revealed an aortic-to-right-atrial fistula causing severe left-sided volume overload. Based on the echocardiographic findings, rupture of the right aortic sinus was suspected. Due to the poor prognosis, euthanasia was elected. On necropsy, a fistula was found connecting the right aortic sinus with the right atrium, without evidence of an inflammatory response nor evidence of an infectious etiology. The sudden onset of a heart murmur supported acquired fistulation from a ruptured aortic sinus (also known as the sinus of Valsalva), though a congenital malformation could not be completely excluded.
主动脉心内瘘是一个广义术语，用于描述发生在人类和动物中的主动脉和其他心腔之间的缺陷。一只 1.5 岁、1.7 公斤的雄性去势荷兰兔（Oryctolagus cuniculus）因两周前出现心脏杂音和相应的心肥大而就诊。放射学检查发现，体格检查在右侧胸骨缘可闻及 5/6 级连续性心脏杂音，心律规则，有奔马律。超声心动图显示主动脉至右心房瘘导致严重的左侧容量超负荷。基于超声心动图发现，怀疑右主动脉窦破裂。由于预后不佳，选择了安乐死。尸检时发现，一个瘘管连接右主动脉窦和右心房，没有炎症反应的证据，也没有感染性病因的证据。心脏杂音的突然出现支持因破裂的主动脉窦（也称为主动脉窦）而发生的获得性瘘管形成，但不能完全排除先天性畸形。
