Environmental Science Lab, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India.
Leather Process Technology Department, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Apr;264(Pt 2):130640. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130640. Epub 2024 Mar 7.
Leather processing is vital for the economy of many developing countries, nevertheless, this industry is faced with issues of leather down-grading owing to its low quality leading to economic loss. In addition to defects due to scratch, wound, scar, etc., the down-grading of hide and skin due to microbial putrefaction is also of concern. The major components of raw hide and skin being proteins, fats and minerals, they act as excellent medium for the growth and proliferation of bacteria, leading to putrefaction. Sometimes the damage is more apparent at pickled and wet-blue stage of leather making. The tanned leather is prone to decay by fungi during processing and even after storage as well. Hence, it is quite essential to understand the microbiome of raw hide and skin to gain a deeper insight into the process of putrefaction. This review aims to discuss about the microbes commonly associated with putrefaction of raw animal hide and skin which are capable to cause putrefaction. A few occasions, where infection was caused due to microbes during the life span of animal but the defect was visible only after leather was made out of the hide and skin of infected animal, have also been discussed.
皮革加工对许多发展中国家的经济至关重要，但由于其质量低导致皮革降级，从而造成经济损失，该行业面临着皮革降级的问题。除了由于划伤、伤口、疤痕等造成的缺陷外，由于微生物腐败导致的皮革降级也令人关注。生皮和皮的主要成分是蛋白质、脂肪和矿物质，它们是细菌生长和繁殖的绝佳媒介，导致腐败。有时，在皮革制作的腌制和湿蓝阶段，损伤更为明显。鞣制后的皮革在加工过程中甚至在储存后也容易受到真菌的腐烂。因此，了解生皮的微生物组对于深入了解腐败过程非常重要。本综述旨在讨论与生动物皮腐败有关的常见微生物，这些微生物能够引起腐败。还讨论了一些情况下，由于动物在其生命周期中被微生物感染，但只有在使用感染动物的皮制成皮革后，缺陷才会显现。
