Zhang Jinlong, Wen Heping
School of information technology and management, Hunan University of Finance and Economics, Changsha, 410205, China.
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan, 528402, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 8;14(1):5742. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-53325-4.
Bit is the most basic unit of a digital image in the spatial domain, and bit-level encryption is regarded as an important technical means for digital image privacy protection. To address the vulnerability of image privacy protection to cryptographic attacks, in this paper, a bit-level image privacy protection scheme using Zigzag and chain-diffusion is proposed. The scheme uses a combination of Zigzag interleaving scrambling with chaotic sequences and chain-diffusion method images are encrypted at each bit level, while using non-sequential encryption to achieve efficient and secure encryption. To balance security and efficiency, the encryption strategy for each bit layer is weighted. The chaos-based sequences used for encryption depend on the previous hash value, thus the effect of chain-diffusion is achieved. To further enhance the encryption effect, a non-sequential encryption technique by non-linearly rearranging the bit cipher image is employed, so that the attacker cannot crack the protection scheme by analyzing the encrypted image. The ciphertext image hidden by discrete wavelet transform (DWT) also provides efficient encryption, higher level of security and robustness to attacks. This technology provides indistinguishable secret data embedding, making it difficult for attackers to detect or extract hidden information. Experimental results show that this scheme can effectively protect the confidentiality of the image and can resist various common cryptographic attacks. The scheme proposed in this paper is a preferred digital image privacy protection technology, so it has broad application prospects in image secure transmission occasions.
比特是空间域中数字图像的最基本单位，比特级加密被视为数字图像隐私保护的一种重要技术手段。为解决图像隐私保护对密码攻击的脆弱性问题，本文提出一种使用Z字形和链式扩散的比特级图像隐私保护方案。该方案将Z字形交织置乱与混沌序列相结合，并采用链式扩散方法对图像的每个比特级进行加密，同时使用非顺序加密来实现高效且安全的加密。为平衡安全性和效率，对每个比特层的加密策略进行加权。用于加密的基于混沌的序列取决于前一个哈希值，从而实现链式扩散的效果。为进一步增强加密效果，采用通过对比特密文图像进行非线性重排的非顺序加密技术，使攻击者无法通过分析加密图像破解保护方案。通过离散小波变换（DWT）隐藏的密文图像也提供了高效加密、更高的安全级别以及对攻击的鲁棒性。该技术提供难以区分的秘密数据嵌入，使攻击者难以检测或提取隐藏信息。实验结果表明，该方案能有效保护图像的机密性，并能抵御各种常见的密码攻击。本文提出的方案是一种优选的数字图像隐私保护技术，因此在图像安全传输场合具有广阔的应用前景。
