Topolinski Sascha, Vogel Tobias, Ingendahl Moritz
Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Department of Social Sciences, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany.
Cogn Emot. 2024 Mar 11:1-11. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2326072.
Words whose consonantal articulation places move from the front of the mouth to the back (e.g. BADAKA; inward) receive more positive evaluations than words whose consonantal articulation places move from the back of the mouth to the front (e.g. KADABA; outward). This in-out effect has a variety of affective, cognitive, and even behavioural consequences, but its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Most recently, a linguistic explanation has been proposed applying the linguistic easy-first account and the so-called labial-coronal effect from developmental speech research and phonology to the in-out effect: Labials (front) are easier to process than coronals (middle); and people prefer easy followed by harder motor components. Disentangling consonantal articulation direction and articulation place, the present three preregistered experiments (total = 1012) found in-out effects for coronal-dorsal (back), and labial-dorsal articulation places. Critically, no in-out effect emerged for labial-coronal articulation places. Thus, the in-out effect is unlikely an instantiation of easy first.
辅音发音位置从口腔前部移到后部的单词（如BADAKA；向内）比辅音发音位置从口腔后部移到前部的单词（如KADABA；向外）得到更积极的评价。这种“内-外”效应有多种情感、认知甚至行为上的后果，但其潜在机制仍然难以捉摸。最近，有人提出了一种语言学解释，将语言学的“易为先”理论以及发展语音学和音系学中所谓的唇-冠状效应应用于“内-外”效应：唇音（前部）比齿音（中部）更容易处理；而且人们更喜欢先易后难的发音动作成分。在区分辅音发音方向和发音位置后，目前的三项预注册实验（共1012人）发现了齿音-软腭音（后部）和唇音-软腭音发音位置的“内-外”效应。关键的是，唇音-齿音发音位置没有出现“内-外”效应。因此，“内-外”效应不太可能是“易为先”的一种体现。
