Li Wen, Wang Yueshuai, Zhang Mengting, Zhao Shijie, Wang Mengxiang, Zhao Ruijie, Chen Jing, Zhang Yina, Xia Pingan
College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Longzi Lake 15#, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Feb 28;25(5):2778. doi: 10.3390/ijms25052778.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a typical immunosuppressive virus causing a large economic impact on the swine industry. The structural protein GP5 of PRRSV plays a pivotal role in its pathogenicity and immune evasion. Virus-host interactions play a crucial part in viral replication and immune escape. Therefore, understanding the interactions between GP5 and host proteins are significant for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) control. However, the interaction network between GP5 and host proteins in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) has not been reported. In this study, 709 GP5-interacting host proteins were identified in primary PAMs by immunoprecipitation coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these proteins were involved in multiple cellular processes, such as translation, protein transport, and protein stabilization. Subsequently, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assay confirmed that GP5 could interact with antigen processing and presentation pathways related proteins. Finally, we found that GP5 may be a key protein that inhibits the antigen processing and presentation pathway during PRRSV infection. The novel host proteins identified in this study will be the candidates for studying the biological functions of GP5, which will provide new insights into PRRS prevention and vaccine development.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）是一种典型的免疫抑制病毒，给养猪业造成巨大经济影响。PRRSV的结构蛋白GP5在其致病性和免疫逃避中起关键作用。病毒与宿主的相互作用在病毒复制和免疫逃逸中起着至关重要的作用。因此，了解GP5与宿主蛋白之间的相互作用对于控制猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）具有重要意义。然而，原发性猪肺泡巨噬细胞（PAMs）中GP5与宿主蛋白之间的相互作用网络尚未见报道。在本研究中，通过免疫沉淀结合液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）在原发性PAMs中鉴定出709种与GP5相互作用的宿主蛋白。生物信息学分析表明，这些蛋白参与多种细胞过程，如翻译、蛋白质转运和蛋白质稳定。随后，免疫沉淀和免疫荧光分析证实GP5可与抗原加工和呈递途径相关蛋白相互作用。最后，我们发现GP5可能是PRRSV感染期间抑制抗原加工和呈递途径的关键蛋白。本研究中鉴定出的新型宿主蛋白将成为研究GP5生物学功能的候选蛋白，这将为PRRS的预防和疫苗开发提供新的见解。
