Metrology of Short-Length Measurers-Development of a Comparator for the Calibration of Measurers Based on Image Processing and Interferometric Measurements.

For the calibration of linear scales, comparators are generally used. Comparators are devices that enable the movement of an evaluation apparatus over a calibrated scale along a linear base with high precision. The construction of a comparator includes a movable carriage that carries the device for the evaluation of the position of the given edge of the line scale relative to the beginning of the scale. In principle, it involves a camera capturing the scale of the measurer, where the position of the camera's projection center is measured using an interferometer. This article addresses the development of a comparator assembled from low-cost components, as well as the description of systematic influences related to the movement of individual parts of the system, such as the inclination and rotation of the camera and directional and height deviations during the carriage's movement. This article also includes an evaluation of the edge of the given scale with subpixel accuracy, addressing distortion elimination and excluding the influences of impurities or imperfections on the scale. The proposed solution was applied to linear-scale measurers, such as leveling rods with coded and conventional scales and measuring tapes. The entire process of measurement and evaluation was automated.