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连续纤维和短纤维增强的3D打印可变截面工字梁的设计与优化

Design and Optimization of 3D-Printed Variable Cross-Section I-Beams Reinforced with Continuous and Short Fibers.

作者信息

Zhang Xin, Sun Peijie, Zhang Yu, Wang Fei, Tu Yun, Ma Yunsheng, Zhang Chun

机构信息

School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.

Institute of Aircraft Composite Structures, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.

出版信息

Polymers (Basel). 2024 Mar 2;16(5):684. doi: 10.3390/polym16050684.

DOI:10.3390/polym16050684
PMID:38475371
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10934089/
Abstract

By integrating fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) with Three-dimensional (3D) printing, the flexibility of lightweight structures was promoted while eliminating the mold's limitations. The design of the I-beam configuration was performed according to the equal-strength philosophy. Then, a multi-objective optimization analysis was conducted based on the NSGA-II algorithm. 3D printing was utilized to fabricate I-beams in three kinds of configurations and seven distinct materials. The flexural properties of the primitive (P-type), the designed (D-type), and the optimized (O-type) configurations were verified via three-point bending testing at a speed of 2 mm/min. Further, by combining different reinforcements, including continuous carbon fibers (CCFs), short carbon fibers (SCFs), and short glass fibers (SGFs) and distinct matrices, including polyamides (PAs), and polylactides (PLAs), the 3D-printed I-beams were studied experimentally. The results indicate that designed and optimized I-beams exhibit a 14.46% and 30.05% increase in the stiffness-to-mass ratio and a 7.83% and 40.59% increment in the load-to-mass ratio, respectively. The CCFs and SCFs result in an outstanding accretion in the flexural properties of 3D-printed I-beams, while the accretion is 2926% and 1070% in the stiffness-to-mass ratio and 656.7% and 344.4% in the load-to-mass ratio, respectively. For the matrix, PAs are a superior choice compared to PLAs for enhancing the positive impact of reinforcements.

摘要

通过将纤维增强复合材料（FRC）与三维（3D）打印相结合，在消除模具限制的同时提高了轻质结构的灵活性。工字梁结构的设计是根据等强度原理进行的。然后，基于NSGA-II算法进行了多目标优化分析。利用3D打印技术制造了三种结构和七种不同材料的工字梁。通过以2mm/min的速度进行三点弯曲试验，验证了原始（P型）、设计（D型）和优化（O型）结构的弯曲性能。此外，通过组合不同的增强材料，包括连续碳纤维（CCF）、短碳纤维（SCF）和短玻璃纤维（SGF）以及不同的基体，包括聚酰胺（PA）和聚乳酸（PLA），对3D打印工字梁进行了实验研究。结果表明，设计和优化后的工字梁的刚度质量比分别提高了14.46%和30.05%，载荷质量比分别提高了7.83%和40.59%。CCF和SCF使3D打印工字梁的弯曲性能有显著提高，刚度质量比分别提高了2926%和1070%，载荷质量比分别提高了656.7%和344.4%。对于基体，与PLA相比，PA是增强增强材料积极影响的更好选择。

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