Schön Sara-Marie, Daseking Monika
Professur für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, Helmut-Schmidt-Universität/Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Am Stadtrand 50, 22159, Hamburg, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2024 Apr;67(4):392-399. doi: 10.1007/s00103-024-03850-4. Epub 2024 Mar 13.
Affective impairments/disorders are one explanation as to why adolescents exhibit externalizing problem behavior (rule-breaking and dissocial behavior). Impaired affect is a core feature of callous-unemotional traits (CU traits). CU traits are composed of three factors: Callousness (lack of empathy and remorse), Uncaring (indifferent attitude toward task performance and the feelings of others), and Unemotional (superficial or flattened affect). Externalizing problem behaviors mostly occur in groups during adolescence. Therefore, it is important to consider the relationship between CU traits and externalizing problem behaviors that are exhibited explicitly in collaboration with or in the presence of friends. This perspective has been lacking in research on CU traits. The present study aims to fill this research gap.
Self-report data were collected between June 2021 and March 2023 from N = 169 adolescents (54% female; M = 14.95 years) using a set of questionnaires that could be completed online or as a paper-pencil version. In addition to CU traits (ICU) the set of questionnaires included assessments of rule-breaking and dissocial behavior with friends (CBCL: YSR 11-18 R).
Only the subscale Callousness contributes to the explanation of externalizing problem behaviors with friends (6% variance explained).
The results indicate that the three factors of CU-traits should be considered separately. In addition, when examining externalizing problem behavior, one should consider whether it is exhibited alone or together with or in the presence of friends. Limitations of the study, ideas for further research, and practical implications are discussed.
情感障碍是青少年出现外化问题行为（违反规则和反社会行为）的一种解释。情感受损是冷酷无情特质（CU特质）的核心特征。CU特质由三个因素组成：冷酷（缺乏同理心和悔恨）、漠不关心（对任务表现和他人感受持冷漠态度）和情绪平淡（表面或平淡的情感）。外化问题行为在青少年时期大多发生在群体中。因此，考虑CU特质与在朋友合作或在场情况下明确表现出的外化问题行为之间的关系很重要。这一观点在CU特质研究中一直缺乏。本研究旨在填补这一研究空白。
2021年6月至2023年3月期间，使用一组可在线完成或纸质版的问卷，从N = 169名青少年（54%为女性；M = 14.95岁）收集自我报告数据。除了CU特质（ICU）外，问卷还包括对与朋友违反规则和反社会行为的评估（儿童行为量表：青少年自我报告11 - 18岁修订版）。
只有冷酷这一亚量表有助于解释与朋友的外化问题行为（解释了6%的方差）。
结果表明，应分别考虑CU特质的三个因素。此外，在研究外化问题行为时，应考虑其是单独出现，还是与朋友一起出现或在朋友在场时出现。讨论了研究的局限性、进一步研究的思路和实际意义。
