Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, NIOF-Egypt, Alexandria, Egypt.
Microb Cell Fact. 2024 Mar 14;23(1):84. doi: 10.1186/s12934-024-02351-y.
Extreme halophilic archaea that can live in high saline environments can offer potential applications in different biotechnological fields. This study delves into the fascinating field of halophilic archaea and their ability to produce biosurfactants. Some strains of haloarchaea were isolated from Wadi El-Natrun and were screened for biosurfactants production in a standard basal medium using emulsification index assay. Two strains were chosen as the potential strains for surface tension reduction. They were identified as Natrialba sp. BG1 and N3. The biosurfactants production was optimized and the produced emulsifiers were partially purified and identified using FTIR and NMR. Sequential statistical optimization, Plackett-Burman (PB) and Box-Behnken Designs (BBD) were carried out using 5 factors: oil, NaCl, casamino acids, pH, and inoculum size. The most significant factors were used for the next Response Surface Methodology experiment. The final optimal conditions for biosurfactants production were the inoculum size 2% pH 11 and NaCl 250 g/L, for Natrialba sp. BG1 and inoculum size 2.2%, pH 10 and NaCl 100 g/L for Natrialba sp. N3. The produced biosurfactants were tested for wound healing and the results indicated that Natrialba sp. BG1 biosurfactants is more efficient than Natrialba sp. N3 biosurfactants. Biosurfactants extracts were tested for their cytotoxic effects on normal cell line as well as on different cancer cells using MTT assay. The findings demonstrated that varying concentrations of the biosurfactants (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 µg/mL) exhibited cytotoxic effects on the cell lines being tested. Additionally, the outcomes unveiled the presence of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties for both biosurfactants. Consequently, they could potentially serve as natural, safe, and efficient novel agents for combating cancer, promoting wound healing, and providing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits.
能够在高盐环境中生存的极端嗜盐古菌在不同的生物技术领域具有潜在的应用价值。本研究深入探讨了嗜盐古菌的迷人领域及其产生生物表面活性剂的能力。从瓦迪纳特伦（Wadi El-Natrun）分离出一些嗜盐古菌菌株，并在标准基础培养基中使用乳化指数测定法筛选生物表面活性剂的产生。选择了两种菌株作为表面张力降低的潜在菌株。它们被鉴定为 Natrialba sp. BG1 和 N3。优化了生物表面活性剂的产生，并使用 FTIR 和 NMR 对产生的乳化剂进行了部分纯化和鉴定。使用 5 个因素：油、NaCl、水解蛋白、pH 和接种量，进行了顺序统计优化、Plackett-Burman (PB) 和 Box-Behnken 设计 (BBD)。使用最显著的因素进行了下一个响应面方法实验。Natrialba sp. BG1 的最佳条件为接种量 2%、pH 11 和 NaCl 250 g/L，Natrialba sp. N3 的最佳条件为接种量 2.2%、pH 10 和 NaCl 100 g/L。所产生的生物表面活性剂用于伤口愈合测试，结果表明 Natrialba sp. BG1 生物表面活性剂比 Natrialba sp. N3 生物表面活性剂更有效。使用 MTT 测定法测试生物表面活性剂提取物对正常细胞系以及不同癌细胞的细胞毒性作用。结果表明，生物表面活性剂的不同浓度（31.25、62.5、125、250、500 和 1000 µg/mL）对测试的细胞系表现出细胞毒性作用。此外，研究结果揭示了两种生物表面活性剂都具有抗炎和抗氧化特性。因此，它们可能作为天然、安全、有效的新型抗癌、促进伤口愈合以及提供抗炎和抗氧化益处的药物。
