Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, United States.
Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Shreveport, LA, 71103, United States.
Sex Med Rev. 2024 Jun 26;12(3):256-262. doi: 10.1093/sxmrev/qeae010.
Recreational psychostimulants have been associated with increased sexual activity or changes in sexual function in women, but every drug in this class has not shown consistent sexual effects in scientific studies. Further, some studies in female animal models may recapitulate the effects observed in humans, while others produce conflicting results. Overall, though, published studies on the sexual effects of recreational stimulants in women are lacking.
The objective of this manuscript was to review the published sexual effects of prominent recreational psychostimulants in women and in the female rat model.
Literature searches for "any years" were performed through PubMed and Google Scholar. Keywords for the searches included "amphetamine," "methamphetamine," "MDMA," "ecstasy," "3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine," "cocaine," "caffeine," "sex," "sexual," "female," and "women." Studies in humans and using animal models were included.
Older studies have shown that amphetamine produces a positive sexual effect in women, but often the sample size was too small to draw generalizable conclusions. Methamphetamine also has a positive effect on several sexual domains in women, as well as on vaginal lubrication. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine may have a negative or positive effect on sexual activity, but often enhances the sensual aspects of sex. Though low doses of cocaine may heighten the sexual experience, most women who use cocaine experience negative sexual effects. Caffeine has been shown to enhance a physiological measure of arousal, vaginal blood flow, but based on our searches, no studies have investigated the subjective sexual effects of the drug.
Different recreational psychostimulants produce varying effects on sexual behavior and responses in women and female animal models, but more research is needed to understand these effects better.
娱乐性兴奋剂已被证明与女性性欲增加或性功能改变有关，但在科学研究中，并非该类药物都显示出一致的性作用。此外，一些女性动物模型的研究可能重现了在人类中观察到的作用，而其他研究则产生了相互矛盾的结果。总的来说，缺乏关于女性娱乐性兴奋剂对性影响的已发表研究。
本文旨在综述已发表的关于女性和雌性大鼠模型中常见娱乐性兴奋剂的性作用的研究。
通过 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 进行了“任意年份”的文献检索。搜索关键词包括“安非他命”、“甲基苯丙胺”、“摇头丸”、“3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺”、“可卡因”、“咖啡因”、“性”、“性”、“女性”和“妇女”。包括人类研究和动物模型研究。
早期的研究表明，安非他命对女性产生积极的性作用，但通常样本量太小，无法得出普遍适用的结论。甲基苯丙胺也对女性的几个性领域以及阴道润滑产生积极影响。3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺对性行为可能有积极或消极的影响，但通常增强了性的感官方面。尽管低剂量可卡因可能会增强性体验，但大多数使用可卡因的女性会经历负面的性影响。咖啡因已被证明可以增强生理唤醒的一个衡量标准，阴道血流，但根据我们的搜索，没有研究调查过该药物的主观性影响。
不同的娱乐性兴奋剂对女性和雌性动物模型的性行为和反应产生不同的影响，但需要更多的研究来更好地理解这些影响。
