Okonkwo Ogugua Ndubuisi, Hassan Adekunle Olubola, Bogunjoko Tayo, Akinye Ayodele, Akanbi Toyin, Agweye Chineze
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Foundation Hospital, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Foundation Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria.
J West Afr Coll Surg. 2024 Jan-Mar;14(1):48-53. doi: 10.4103/jwas.jwas_53_23. Epub 2023 Dec 14.
To quantify the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the rate of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections (IVI) in eye hospitals in Nigeria.
A retrospective, observational, comparative study. The IVIs given 12 months before (pre-COVID) and 12 months after the first announcement of the COVID-19 lockdown (COVID) in Nigeria in four hospitals were used as the sample for this study. All eyes were treatment naïve. We determined the total number of all anti-VEGF injections, the number given for each indication, and the number of each type of the three anti-VEGFs given. A comparison of the presenting vision in IVI eyes between the two eras and the visual outcome of the IVI treatment was made. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 22 to determine statistical significance.
Male/female ratio, pre-COVID 63.4%/36.6% and COVID 58.6%/41.4% ( = 0.123). Age, pre-COVID 61.3 (SD 12.9) 9-95 years and COVID 57.5 (SD 16.4) 0.15-95 years. There was a 15.3% (81 eyes) reduction in the number of eyes between pre-COVID and COVID eras (528 and 447 eyes, respectively). Likewise, the number of IVIs reduced by 26% (221 IVIs) from 850 pre-COVID to 629 COVID, = 0.005. A comparison of the proportion of eyes in the four clinic locations between the two eras was not statistically significant ( = 0.148). The commonest indication was proliferative diabetic retinopathy in both eras, 208 versus 178 eyes (323 versus 226 IVIs). Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab, and Aflibercept were given in the following proportions 60.2%, 22.3%, and 17.4% (pre-COVID) versus 60.2%, 31.5%, and 8.3% (COVID), = 0.000. Presenting visual acuity was >6/60 in 67.4% of eyes (pre-COVID) versus 59.4% of eyes (COVID), = 0.039. Vision improved in 51.3% of eyes (pre-COVID) versus 47.7% (COVID); there was no significant difference in visual outcome comparing both eras, = 0.972.
COVID-19 significantly reduced the number of eyes and IVIs. Eyes had worse presenting visual acuity during the COVID era; however, treatment outcome was comparable between COVID and pre-COVID eras.
量化2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对尼日利亚眼科医院玻璃体内抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）注射（IVI）率的影响。
一项回顾性、观察性、对比研究。将尼日利亚四家医院在COVID-19封锁首次宣布前12个月（COVID前）和之后12个月（COVID期间）进行的玻璃体内抗血管内皮生长因子注射用作本研究的样本。所有眼睛均未接受过治疗。我们确定了所有抗VEGF注射的总数、每种适应证的注射次数以及三种抗VEGF药物各自的注射次数。对两个时期接受IVI治疗的眼睛的初始视力以及IVI治疗的视力结果进行了比较。使用SPSS 22版软件分析数据以确定统计学意义。
男性/女性比例，COVID前为63.4%/36.6%，COVID期间为58.6%/41.4%（P = 0.123）。年龄，COVID前为61.3（标准差12.9），9 - 95岁，COVID期间为57.5（标准差16.4），0.15 - 95岁。COVID前和COVID期间的眼睛数量减少了15.3%（81只眼）（分别为528只眼和447只眼）。同样，IVI的次数从COVID前的850次减少了26%（221次）至COVID期间的629次，P = 0.005。两个时期四个诊所地点的眼睛比例比较无统计学意义（P = 0.148）。两个时期最常见的适应证均为增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变，分别为208只眼对178只眼（323次注射对226次注射）。贝伐单抗、雷珠单抗和阿柏西普的使用比例分别为60.2%、22.3%和17.4%（COVID前）对60.2%·、31.5%和8.3%（COVID期间），P = 0.000。初始视力>6/60的眼睛在COVID前为67.4%，在COVID期间为59.4%，P = 0.039。视力改善的眼睛在COVID前为51.3%，在COVID期间为47.7%；两个时期的视力结果比较无显著差异，P = 0.972。
COVID-19显著减少了眼睛数量和IVI次数。COVID期间眼睛的初始视力较差；然而，COVID期间和COVID前时期的治疗结果相当。
