Bashir Eiman, Abdu Lawan, Isyaku Mohammed, Habib Zahraddeen Garba, Habib Saudat Garba, Kurawa Musbahu Sani, Hassan Sadiq
Department of Ophthalmology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospital, Health Education England-East Midlands, Leicestershire, United Kingdom.
J West Afr Coll Surg. 2024 Jan-Mar;14(1):76-82. doi: 10.4103/jwas.jwas_80_23. Epub 2023 Dec 14.
Migraine is a group of headache syndromes, with a prevalence of 5%-25%. Migraine is a complex recurrent headache disorder, often unilateral, throbbing or pulsating in nature aggravated by physical activity, bright light, and loud noises. Symptoms associated with migraine without aura are nausea, anorexia, and varying degrees of ophthalmic problems ranging from visual aura, ocular symptoms, and ophthalmoplegia.
The study determined the pattern and ophthalmic manifestations of migraine in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
This was an observational cross-sectional study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the research ethical committee of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH). A total of 254 patients diagnosed with migraine using international headache society criteria attending neurology clinic in AKTH were interviewed and examined using a structured questionnaire which captured the biodata, pattern of migraine and ocular symptoms associated with migraine. The data obtained were collated and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23.
Of the 254 patients examined, there were 95 (37.4%) males and 159 (62.6%) females, (M:F = 1:2) with mean age of 28.9 ± 9.7 years. Migraine without aura was the commonest type seen in 55.8% of patients. Most patients had unilateral headaches. About 52.8% and 57.5% had headaches that were throbbing in nature. The headache lasted for 72 h in 48.2% and 48 h in 30.3%. It was triggered by physical stress in 49.6% and lack of sleep in 46.5%. The commonest associated symptom was nausea in 44.9%, tinnitus in 39.0%, and vomiting in 29.1%. While the commonest ocular/visual symptom was photophobia in 76% of patients. Most of the patients had family history of migraine (62.8%). Migraine without aura (MWOA) was found to be significantly associated with female gender ( = 0.001; OR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.45-4.25). Scotoma, fortifying spectra were significantly associated with migraine with aura (MWA; = 0.0004; OR = 28.46; 95% CI: 11.53-70.35).
Migraine is one of the most common types of primary headache. There is a female preponderance. Migraine has significant association with visual disturbances and ocular symptoms.
偏头痛是一组头痛综合征，患病率为5%-25%。偏头痛是一种复杂的复发性头痛疾病，通常为单侧性，性质为搏动性或跳动性，体力活动、强光和噪音会加重症状。无先兆偏头痛的相关症状包括恶心、厌食以及从视觉先兆、眼部症状和眼肌麻痹等不同程度的眼部问题。
本研究确定了尼日利亚卡诺阿明努·卡诺教学医院偏头痛的发病模式和眼部表现。
这是一项观察性横断面研究。获得了阿明努·卡诺教学医院（AKTH）研究伦理委员会的伦理批准。对在AKTH神经科门诊就诊的254例根据国际头痛协会标准诊断为偏头痛的患者进行了访谈，并使用结构化问卷进行检查，该问卷收集了生物数据、偏头痛发病模式以及与偏头痛相关的眼部症状。使用社会科学统计软件包第23版对获得的数据进行整理和分析。
在接受检查的254例患者中，男性95例（37.4%），女性159例（62.6%），（男:女 = 1:2），平均年龄为28.9±9.7岁。无先兆偏头痛是最常见的类型，见于55.8%的患者。大多数患者为单侧头痛。约52.8%和57.5%的患者头痛性质为搏动性。头痛持续72小时的患者占48.2%，持续48小时的患者占30.3%。49.6%的患者头痛由身体压力引发，46.5%由睡眠不足引发。最常见的相关症状是恶心（44.9%）、耳鸣（39.0%）和呕吐（29.1%）。而最常见的眼部/视觉症状是畏光，见于76%的患者。大多数患者有偏头痛家族史（62.8%）。发现无先兆偏头痛（MWOA）与女性显著相关（P = 0.001；OR = 2.48；95%CI：1.45-4.25）。暗点、闪光暗点与有先兆偏头痛（MWA）显著相关（P = 0.0004；OR = 28.46；95%CI：11.53-70.35）。
偏头痛是最常见的原发性头痛类型之一。女性居多。偏头痛与视觉障碍和眼部症状有显著关联。
