Worsley Carys A, Dunlop Thomas O, Potts Sarah-Jane, Garcia-Rodriguez Rodrigo, Bolton Rebecca S, Davies Matthew L, Jewell Eifion, Watson Trystan M
Swansea University, Bay Campus, Neath, Skewen SA18EN, Wales.
ACS Appl Energy Mater. 2024 Feb 24;7(5):1938-1948. doi: 10.1021/acsaem.3c03056. eCollection 2024 Mar 11.
Mesoscopic carbon-based perovskite solar cells (CPSCs) are often cited as a potential frontrunner to perovskite commercialization. Infiltration, the extent to which perovskite fills the mesoporous scaffold, is critical for optimum performance and stability. However, infiltration data are usually presented as qualitative photographic comparisons of samples with extreme infiltration variation. This work examines how small infiltration defects impact performance using an optical microscopy examination of the base TiO layer to identify issues and develop targeted techniques for infiltration enhancement. Critically, the uninfiltrated area at the base of the stack was found to correlate well with PCE across multiple batches of varied print quality and ZrO thickness. Through reduction of mesh mark defects and improvement of print quality in the ZrO and carbon layers, a champion PCE of 15.01% is attained. It follows that this facile, multiscaled, nondestructive technique could enable targeted performance enhancement and quality control in future scale-up initiatives.
介观碳基钙钛矿太阳能电池（CPSC）常被视为钙钛矿商业化的潜在领跑者。渗透，即钙钛矿填充介孔支架的程度，对于实现最佳性能和稳定性至关重要。然而，渗透数据通常以具有极端渗透变化的样品的定性照片比较形式呈现。这项工作通过对基底TiO层进行光学显微镜检查来研究小的渗透缺陷如何影响性能，以识别问题并开发针对性的渗透增强技术。至关重要的是，发现在多批不同印刷质量和ZrO厚度的样品中，堆叠底部的未渗透区域与功率转换效率（PCE）有很好的相关性。通过减少网格标记缺陷并改善ZrO层和碳层的印刷质量，获得了15.01%的最佳PCE。因此，这种简便、多尺度、无损的技术可以在未来的扩大规模举措中实现有针对性的性能提升和质量控制。
