Ma Ying, Qiao Yue, Gao Xiang
Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Neural Regen Res. 2024 Oct 1;19(10):2144-2156. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.392855. Epub 2024 Jan 8.
It has been reported both in clinic and rodent models that beyond spinal cord injury directly induced symptoms, such as paralysis, neuropathic pain, bladder/bowel dysfunction, and loss of sexual function, there are a variety of secondary complications, including memory loss, cognitive decline, depression, and Alzheimer's disease. The large-scale longitudinal population-based studies indicate that post-trauma depression is highly prevalent in spinal cord injury patients. Yet, few basic studies have been conducted to address the potential molecular mechanisms. One of possible factors underlying the depression is the reduction of adult hippocampal neurogenesis which may come from less physical activity, social isolation, chronic pain, and elevated neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury. However, there is no clear consensus yet. In this review, we will first summarize the alteration of hippocampal neurogenesis post-spinal cord injury. Then, we will discuss possible mechanisms underlie this important spinal cord injury consequence. Finally, we will outline the potential therapeutic options aimed at enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis to ameliorate depression.
临床研究和啮齿动物模型均已报道，除了脊髓损伤直接引发的症状，如瘫痪、神经性疼痛、膀胱/肠道功能障碍以及性功能丧失外，还存在多种继发性并发症，包括记忆力减退、认知能力下降、抑郁和阿尔茨海默病。基于大规模纵向人群的研究表明，创伤后抑郁在脊髓损伤患者中非常普遍。然而，针对潜在分子机制的基础研究却很少。抑郁的一个可能因素是成年海马神经发生减少，这可能源于脊髓损伤后身体活动减少、社交隔离、慢性疼痛以及神经炎症加剧。然而，目前尚未形成明确的共识。在本综述中，我们将首先总结脊髓损伤后海马神经发生的变化。然后，我们将讨论这一重要脊髓损伤后果背后的可能机制。最后，我们将概述旨在增强海马神经发生以改善抑郁的潜在治疗选择。
