International Centre for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials-International Research Agenda (ICRI-BioM), Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, Łódź, Poland.
Institute of Material Science of Textile and Polymer Composites, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, Łódź, Poland.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Mar 15;108(1):264. doi: 10.1007/s00253-024-13088-4.
Cyanophycin (CGP) is a polypeptide consisting of amino acids-aspartic acid in the backbone and arginine in the side chain. Owing to its resemblance to cell adhesive motifs in the body, it can be considered suitable for use in biomedical applications as a novel component to facilitate cell attachment and tissue regeneration. Although it has vast potential applications, starting with nutrition, through drug delivery and tissue engineering to the production of value-added chemicals and biomaterials, CGP has not been brought to the industry yet. To develop scaffolds using CGP powder produced by bacteria, its properties (e.g., biocompatibility, morphology, biodegradability, and mechanical strength) should be tailored in terms of the requirements of the targeted tissue. Crosslinking commonly stands for a primary modification method for renovating biomaterial features to these extents. Herein, we aimed to crosslink CGP for the first time and present a comparative study of different methods of CGP crosslinking including chemical, physical, and enzymatic methods by utilizing glutaraldehyde (GTA), UV exposure, genipin, 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl] carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS), and monoamine oxidase (MAO). Crosslinking efficacy varied among the samples crosslinked via the different crosslinking methods. All crosslinked CGP were non-cytotoxic to L929 cells, except for the groups with higher GTA concentrations. We conclude that CGP is a promising candidate for scaffolding purposes to be used as part of a composite with other biomaterials to maintain the integrity of scaffolds. The initiative study demonstrated the unknown characteristics of crosslinked CGP, even though its feasibility for biomedical applications should be confirmed by further examinations. KEY POINTS: • Cyanophycin was crosslinked by 5 different methods • Crosslinked cyanophycin is non-cytotoxic to L929 cells • Crosslinked cyanophycin is a promising new material for scaffolding purposes.
藻青素（CGP）是一种由氨基酸-天冬氨酸构成主链和精氨酸构成侧链的多肽。由于其与体内细胞黏附基序相似，因此可被视为适用于生物医学应用的新型成分，有助于细胞黏附和组织再生。尽管它具有广泛的潜在应用，从营养开始，通过药物输送和组织工程，再到生产增值化学品和生物材料，但 CGP 尚未推向工业界。为了使用细菌生产的 CGP 粉末开发支架，其性能（例如生物相容性、形态、生物降解性和机械强度）应根据目标组织的要求进行调整。交联通常是一种主要的修饰方法，用于将生物材料的特性改进到这些程度。在此，我们首次尝试交联 CGP，并通过利用戊二醛（GTA）、紫外线照射、京尼平、1-乙基-3-[3-二甲基氨基丙基]碳二亚胺盐酸盐/N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺（EDC/NHS）和单胺氧化酶（MAO），对包括化学、物理和酶法在内的不同 CGP 交联方法进行了比较研究。通过不同交联方法交联的样品的交联效率有所不同。除了 GTA 浓度较高的组之外，所有交联的 CGP 对 L929 细胞均无细胞毒性。我们得出结论，CGP 是支架构建的有前途的候选材料，可作为与其他生物材料复合的一部分，以维持支架的完整性。初步研究表明了交联 CGP 的未知特性，尽管其在生物医学应用中的可行性应通过进一步的研究来证实。关键点：• CGP 通过 5 种不同方法交联• 交联的 CGP 对 L929 细胞无细胞毒性• 交联的 CGP 是支架构建的有前途的新材料。
