Second Department of Critical Medicine, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China.
Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Mar 15;103(11):e37544. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037544.
Secondary epilepsy is a common concomitant disease of viral encephalitis (VE) in children. However, the risk factors for secondary epilepsy after VE remain debated. The aim of this study was to perform a 10-year single-center retrospective analysis to investigate the incidence and risk factors of secondary epilepsy after VE in children. A total of 8691 patients suffered from VE in our hospital between December 2011 and February 2022 were included. The patients were divided into control group (Group C) and epilepsy group (Group E) according to whether they followed secondary epilepsy. Information about treatment process was collected from medical records to determine the incidence. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the independent risk factors. In the current study, the occurrence of secondary epilepsy after VE in pediatric patients was 10.99% (385 of 3503). The results of univariate and multivariate analysis showed that unconsciousness, convulsions, times of epilepsy >2, epileptiform discharge of Electroencephalogram (EEG), and cortical and subcortical damage of magnetic resonance imaging/computer tomography were the significant risk factors for secondary epilepsy after VE. Nearly one tenth of pediatric patients suffered from secondary epilepsy after VE. Interventions for identified risk factors should be used to prevent the occurrence of secondary epilepsy.
继发癫痫是儿童病毒性脑炎（VE）的常见合并症。然而，VE 后继发癫痫的危险因素仍存在争议。本研究旨在进行为期 10 年的单中心回顾性分析，以调查 VE 后儿童继发癫痫的发生率和危险因素。2011 年 12 月至 2022 年 2 月期间，我院共有 8691 例 VE 患儿入组。根据是否继发癫痫，将患儿分为对照组（C 组）和癫痫组（E 组）。从病历中收集治疗过程信息以确定发生率。采用单因素分析和多因素 logistic 回归分析确定独立危险因素。本研究中，VE 后儿童继发癫痫的发生率为 10.99%（385/3503）。单因素和多因素分析结果表明，意识障碍、抽搐、癫痫发作次数>2 次、脑电图（EEG）痫样放电和磁共振成像/计算机断层扫描皮质及皮质下损害是 VE 后继发癫痫的显著危险因素。近十分之一的 VE 患儿继发癫痫。应针对已确定的危险因素进行干预，以预防继发癫痫的发生。
