Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; Gastroenterology Research, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.
Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024;18(2):101333. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.03.005. Epub 2024 Mar 13.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), marked by chronic gastrointestinal tract inflammation, poses a significant global medical challenge. Current treatments for IBD, including corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics, often require frequent systemic administration through parenteral delivery, leading to nonspecific drug distribution, suboptimal therapeutic outcomes, and adverse effects. There is a pressing need for a targeted drug delivery system to enhance drug efficacy and minimize its systemic impact. Nanotechnology emerges as a transformative solution, enabling precise oral drug delivery to inflamed intestinal tissues, reducing off-target effects, and enhancing therapeutic efficiency. The advantages include heightened bioavailability, sustained drug release, and improved cellular uptake. Additionally, the nano-based approach allows for the integration of theranostic elements, enabling simultaneous diagnosis and treatment. Recent preclinical advances in oral IBD treatments, particularly with nanoformulations such as functionalized polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, demonstrate remarkable cell-targeting ability and biosafety, promising to overcome the limitations of conventional therapies. These developments signify a paradigm shift toward personalized and effective oral IBD management. This review explores the potential of oral nanomedicine to enhance IBD treatment significantly, focusing specifically on cell-targeting oral drug delivery system for potential use in IBD management. We also examine emerging technologies such as theranostic nanoparticles and artificial intelligence, identifying avenues for the practical translation of nanomedicines into clinical applications.
炎症性肠病（IBD）以慢性胃肠道炎症为特征，是一个全球性的重大医学挑战。目前的 IBD 治疗方法，包括皮质类固醇、免疫调节剂和生物制剂，通常需要通过肠外给药进行频繁的全身给药，导致药物分布不均匀、治疗效果不理想和不良反应。因此，迫切需要一种靶向药物输送系统来提高药物疗效并最大程度地减少其全身影响。纳米技术的出现为这一问题提供了一个变革性的解决方案，能够精确地将药物递送到发炎的肠道组织，减少脱靶效应，提高治疗效率。其优势包括提高生物利用度、持续释放药物和改善细胞摄取。此外，基于纳米的方法允许整合治疗和诊断元素，实现同时诊断和治疗。最近在口服 IBD 治疗方面的临床前进展，特别是使用功能性聚合物和脂质纳米粒子等纳米制剂，展示了显著的细胞靶向能力和生物安全性，有望克服传统治疗方法的局限性。这些发展标志着向个性化和有效的口服 IBD 管理的范式转变。本文探讨了口服纳米医学在显著增强 IBD 治疗方面的潜力，特别关注用于 IBD 管理的细胞靶向口服药物输送系统。我们还研究了新兴技术，如治疗诊断纳米粒子和人工智能，为纳米药物向临床应用的实际转化确定了途径。
