Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
Clin Exp Med. 2024 Mar 16;24(1):54. doi: 10.1007/s10238-023-01268-x.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous disease with alterations in genetic expression and epigenetic modifications. In recent years, the new insight into epigenetics in the pathogenesis of CLL has been developed considerably, including DNA methylation, histone modification, RNA methylation, non-coding RNAs as well as chromatin remodeling. Epigenetic modification regulates various processes such as stem cell biology, cell growth, and tumorigenesis without altering gene sequence. Growing evidence indicates that the disturbance of gene expression profiles which were regulated by epigenetic modifications exerts vital roles in the development and progress in CLL, which provides novel perspectives to explore the etiology of CLL. In addition, the integration with epigenetic therapeutic targets and the in-depth understanding of epigenetic therapy contribute to develop new therapeutic strategies for CLL. Herein, the present review discusses the advances of epigenetic alterations in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognostic assessment of CLL patients and also highlights existing and emerging agents targeting epigenetic regulators.
慢性淋巴细胞白血病（CLL）是一种具有遗传表达改变和表观遗传修饰的异质性疾病。近年来，CLL 发病机制中表观遗传学的新见解得到了相当大的发展，包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰、RNA 甲基化、非编码 RNA 以及染色质重塑。表观遗传修饰调节各种过程，如干细胞生物学、细胞生长和肿瘤发生，而不会改变基因序列。越来越多的证据表明，受表观遗传修饰调控的基因表达谱的紊乱在 CLL 的发生和进展中发挥着重要作用，为探索 CLL 的病因提供了新的视角。此外，与表观遗传治疗靶点的整合以及对表观遗传治疗的深入理解有助于为 CLL 开发新的治疗策略。本文讨论了表观遗传改变在 CLL 患者发病机制、诊断和预后评估中的研究进展，并重点介绍了现有的和新兴的针对表观遗传调节剂的药物。
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