Department of Health Policy and Management, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Occup Environ Med. 2024 Apr 28;81(4):178-183. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2023-109197.
To describe the lifetime prevalence of workplace harassment, physical violence and sexual assault against transgender and non-binary workers targeted due to their gender identity and to identify correlates of this workplace violence.
This descriptive cross-sectional study used data from 4597 transgender or non-binary respondents from the 2008-2009 National Transgender Discrimination Survey. Respondents reported if they had ever experienced harassment, physical violence or sexual assault at work specifically because of their gender identity. We estimated the prevalence of each type of violence stratified by gender identity, race/ethnicity, age, educational attainment, history of working in the street economy (eg, sex industry, drug sales) and if people at work knew their gender identity.
Workplace violence was prevalent, with 50% of transgender and non-binary workers having ever experienced harassment, 7% physical violence and 6% sexual assault at work because of their gender identity. Harassment was common among all of these workers, but physical violence and sexual assault were more than twice as common among transfeminine and non-binary workers assigned male at birth, workers of colour, workers with low educational attainment and those who had ever worked in the street economy.
Transgender and non-binary workers commonly face violence at work because of their gender identity. Workplace violence prevention programmes should incorporate ways to prevent gender identity-based violence and facilitate channels for workers to report the occurrence of discrimination and violence.
描述因性别认同而成为目标的跨性别和非二元性别工作者在职场受到骚扰、身体暴力和性侵犯的终身流行率，并确定这种职场暴力的相关因素。
本描述性横断面研究使用了来自 2008-2009 年全国跨性别歧视调查的 4597 名跨性别或非二元性别受访者的数据。受访者报告了他们是否因性别认同而在工作中遭受过骚扰、身体暴力或性侵犯。我们根据性别认同、种族/民族、年龄、教育程度、是否有街头经济（如性产业、毒品销售）工作经历以及同事是否了解他们的性别认同，对每种暴力类型的发生率进行了分层估计。
职场暴力很普遍，50%的跨性别和非二元性别工作者因性别认同在工作中遭受过骚扰，7%遭受过身体暴力，6%遭受过性侵犯。这些工作者都经常受到骚扰，但在出生时被分配为男性的跨性别女性和非二元性别工作者、有色人种工作者、教育程度较低的工作者以及曾在街头经济工作过的工作者，遭受身体暴力和性侵犯的比例是其他工作者的两倍多。
跨性别和非二元性别工作者因性别认同在职场经常面临暴力。职场暴力预防计划应纳入预防基于性别认同的暴力的方法，并为工作者提供报告歧视和暴力发生的渠道。
