技术进步针对离体肺体外多日保存
Technical Advances Targeting Multiday Preservation of Isolated Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion.
机构信息
Department of Cardiac Surgery, East Limburg Hospital, Genk, Belgium.
出版信息
Transplantation. 2024 Jun 1;108(6):1319-1332. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004992. Epub 2024 May 23.
Indications for ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) have evolved from assessment of questionable donor lungs to treatment of some pathologies and the logistics. Yet up to 3 quarters of donor lungs remain discarded across the globe. Multiday preservation of discarded human lungs on EVLP platforms would improve donor lung utilization rates via application of sophisticated treatment modalities, which could eventually result in zero waitlist mortality. The purpose of this article is to summarize advances made on the technical aspects of the protocols in achieving a stable multiday preservation of isolated EVLP. Based on the evidence derived from large animal and/or human studies, the following advances have been considered important in achieving this goal: ability to reposition donor lungs during EVLP; perfusate adsorption/filtration modalities; perfusate enrichment with plasma and/or donor whole blood, nutrients, vitamins, and amino acids; low-flow, pulsatile, and subnormothermic perfusion; positive outflow pressure; injury specific personalized ventilation strategies; and negative pressure ventilation. Combination of some of these advances in an automatized EVLP device capable of managing perfusate biochemistry and ventilation would likely speed up the processes of achieving multiday preservation of isolated EVLP.
体外肺灌注(EVLP)的适应证已经从评估有问题的供体肺发展到治疗某些疾病和解决相关问题。然而,在全球范围内,仍有多达四分之三的供体肺被丢弃。在 EVLP 平台上对废弃的人类供体肺进行多日保存,可以通过应用复杂的治疗方式来提高供体肺的利用率,最终可能实现零候补者死亡率。本文旨在总结在实现离体 EVLP 稳定多日保存的方案的技术方面所取得的进展。基于来自大型动物和/或人体研究的证据,以下进展被认为对实现这一目标很重要:在 EVLP 期间重新定位供体肺的能力;灌流液吸附/过滤方式;用血浆和/或供体全血、营养物质、维生素和氨基酸来丰富灌流液;低流量、脉动式和亚常温灌注;正流出压力;针对特定损伤的个性化通气策略;以及负压通气。将这些进展中的一些结合到能够管理灌流液生化和通气的自动化 EVLP 设备中,可能会加快实现离体 EVLP 多日保存的进程。