Pruitt William R, Samuels Beryl, Cunningham Scott
Preventive Medicine, Oceania University of Medicine, Apia, WSM.
Neurosciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 16;16(3):e56290. doi: 10.7759/cureus.56290. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Background This study aims to determine the usage of the Gail model in screening for breast cancer during physical examinations of women by sampling primary care physicians in two regions of Texas - Hidalgo County and Johnson County. A Gail score of 1.66% or higher indicates increased breast cancer risk. Three specialties are surveyed: internal medicine (IM), family medicine (FM), and gynecology (GYN). The null hypothesis for this study is that primary care physicians do not use the Gail model in screening for breast cancer during physical examinations of women. Methods A survey was distributed to 100 physicians with specialties in IM, FM, and GYN from May 2022 to July 2022. The survey assessed the physician's frequency of use of the Gail model and chemoprevention. Data were collected by distributing survey questionnaires to physicians in person. Descriptive statistics were used for response distributions. Fisher's exact probability test was used for comparisons across specialties. Results The response rate was 34% (34/100). Thirty-eight percent of the physicians surveyed reported using the Gail model in their practice (IM 46%, FM 23%, and GYN 31%). All 13 of the physicians using the Gail model were open to using chemoprevention. Conclusions Only 38% of the physicians surveyed responded that they use the Gail model in their practice. The study concluded that a minority of primary care physicians used the Gail model to decrease breast cancer risk. Further research would help to define better the Gail model and its use in preventing breast cancer in women. The Gail model appears to be beneficial to breast cancer risk reduction; however, risk reduction medication side effects need to be minimized.
背景 本研究旨在通过对得克萨斯州两个地区——伊达尔戈县和约翰逊县的初级保健医生进行抽样，确定盖尔模型在女性体检中筛查乳腺癌的使用情况。盖尔评分1.66%或更高表明乳腺癌风险增加。调查了三个专业领域：内科（IM）、家庭医学（FM）和妇科（GYN）。本研究的零假设是初级保健医生在女性体检中不使用盖尔模型进行乳腺癌筛查。方法 在2022年5月至2022年7月期间，向100名具有IM、FM和GYN专业的医生发放了调查问卷。该调查评估了医生使用盖尔模型和化学预防的频率。通过亲自向医生发放调查问卷来收集数据。描述性统计用于反应分布。费舍尔精确概率检验用于跨专业比较。结果 回复率为34%（34/100）。38%的受访医生报告在其执业中使用盖尔模型（IM为46%，FM为23%，GYN为31%）。所有13名使用盖尔模型的医生都愿意使用化学预防。结论 只有38%的受访医生回复说他们在执业中使用盖尔模型。该研究得出结论，少数初级保健医生使用盖尔模型来降低乳腺癌风险。进一步的研究将有助于更好地定义盖尔模型及其在预防女性乳腺癌中的应用。盖尔模型似乎对降低乳腺癌风险有益；然而，需要尽量减少降低风险药物的副作用。
