Wang Hongying, Liu Baocheng, Chen Danyang, Wang Zhuoya, Wang Haolun, Bao Siyu, Zhang Ping, Yang Jianhai, Liu Wenguang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Mater Horiz. 2024 Jun 3;11(11):2628-2642. doi: 10.1039/d4mh00174e.
The fabrication of stretchable ionic conductors with low hysteresis and anti-freezing properties to enhance the durability and reliability of flexible electronics even at low temperatures remains an unmet challenge. Here, we report a facile strategy to fabricate low hysteresis, high stretchability, self-adhesion and anti-freezing zwitterionic supramolecular polymer ion-conductive elastomers (ICEs) by photoinitiated polymerization of aqueous precursor solutions containing a newly designed zwitterionic monomer carboxybetaine ureido acrylate (CBUIA) followed by solvent evaporation. The resultant poly(carboxybetaine ureido acrylate) (PCBUIA) ICEs are highly stretchable and self-adhesive owing to the presence of strong hydrogen bonds between ureido groups and dipole-dipole interactions of zwitterions. The zwitterion groups on the polymer side chains and loaded-lithium chloride endow PCBUIA ICEs with excellent anti-freezing properties, demonstrating mechanical flexibility and ionic transport properties even at a low temperature (-20 °C). Remarkably, the PCBUIA ICEs demonstrate a low hysteresis (≈10%) during cyclic mechanical loading-unloading (≤500%), and are successfully applied as wearable strain sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for energy harvesting and human motion monitoring. In addition, the PCBUIA ICE-based TENG was used as a wireless sensing terminal for Internet of Things smart devices to enable wireless sensing of finger motion state detection.
制备具有低滞后和抗冻性能的可拉伸离子导体，以提高柔性电子产品即使在低温下的耐久性和可靠性，仍然是一个尚未解决的挑战。在此，我们报告了一种简便的策略，通过对含有新设计的两性离子单体羧基甜菜碱脲基丙烯酸酯（CBUIA）的水性前体溶液进行光引发聚合，然后蒸发溶剂，来制备低滞后、高拉伸性、自粘性和抗冻的两性离子超分子聚合物离子导电弹性体（ICEs）。所得的聚（羧基甜菜碱脲基丙烯酸酯）（PCBUIA）ICEs由于脲基之间存在强氢键和两性离子的偶极-偶极相互作用而具有高度可拉伸性和自粘性。聚合物侧链上的两性离子基团和负载的氯化锂赋予PCBUIA ICEs优异的抗冻性能，即使在低温（-20°C）下也能表现出机械柔韧性和离子传输性能。值得注意的是，PCBUIA ICEs在循环机械加载-卸载（≤500%）过程中表现出低滞后（≈10%），并成功应用于可穿戴应变传感器和摩擦纳米发电机（TENGs），用于能量收集和人体运动监测。此外，基于PCBUIA ICE的TENG被用作物联网智能设备的无线传感终端，以实现手指运动状态检测的无线传感。
