Morales-Ramos Juan A, Tomberlin Jeffery K, Miranda Chelsea, Rojas M Guadalupe
USDA-ARS, National Biological Control Laboratory, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2024 Aug 12;117(4):1210-1224. doi: 10.1093/jee/toae040.
Over the past 2 decades, the potential of insects as food and feed has been recognized globally. Insects as feed ingredients can improve sustainability because of their lower greenhouse gas emissions and their potential to transform organic wastes into high-quality feed rich in nutrients. However, currently, the practical use of insects as food or feed is limited by the high costs of insect production. A great deal of effort is required to improve the rearing technology necessary to establish the principles of insect farming. Several insect species have become industrialized using existing methods of production. The most common industrialized insect species intended as feed and food include the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae); the house cricket, Acheta domesticus L. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae); the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae); and the house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae). This review focuses on describing the existing rearing methods for these 4 insect species, which may provide a basis for future research to enhance insect production capabilities.
在过去的20年里，昆虫作为食物和饲料的潜力已在全球范围内得到认可。昆虫作为饲料成分可以提高可持续性，因为它们的温室气体排放量较低，并且有潜力将有机废物转化为富含营养的高质量饲料。然而，目前，昆虫作为食物或饲料的实际应用受到昆虫生产成本高昂的限制。需要付出巨大努力来改进建立昆虫养殖原则所需的饲养技术。利用现有的生产方法，已有几种昆虫实现了工业化养殖。最常见的用作饲料和食物的工业化养殖昆虫种类包括黄粉虫，黄粉虫（鞘翅目：拟步甲科）；家蟋蟀，家蟋蟀（直翅目：蟋蟀科）；黑水虻，亮斑扁角水虻（双翅目：水虻科）；以及家蝇，家蝇（双翅目：蝇科）。本综述着重描述这4种昆虫的现有饲养方法，这可能为未来提高昆虫生产能力的研究提供基础。
