Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Cereb Cortex. 2024 Mar 1;34(3). doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhae074.
Neurovascular decoupling plays a significant role in dysfunction following an ischemic stroke. This study aimed to explore the effect of low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on neurovascular remodeling after ischemic stroke. To achieve this goal, we compared functional hyperemia, cerebral blood flow regulatory factors, and neurochemical transmitters in the peri-infract cortex 21 days after a photothrombotic stroke. Our findings revealed that low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation increased the real-time cerebral blood flow in healthy mice and improved neurobehavioral outcomes after stroke. Furthermore, high-frequency (5-Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation revealed stronger functional hyperemia recovery and increased the levels of post-synaptic density 95, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, phosphorylated-endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and vascular endothelial growth factor in the peri-infract cortex compared with low-frequency (1-Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. The magnetic resonance spectroscopy data showed that low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduced neuronal injury and maintained excitation/inhibition balance. However, 5-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation showed more significant regulation of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters after stroke than 1-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. These results indicated that high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation could more effectively promote neurovascular remodeling after stroke, and specific repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation frequencies might be used to selectively regulate the neurovascular unit.
神经血管解偶联在缺血性中风后的功能障碍中起着重要作用。本研究旨在探讨低频率和高频率重复经颅磁刺激对缺血性中风后神经血管重塑的影响。为了达到这个目标，我们比较了光血栓性中风后 21 天的梗死周围皮质的功能充血、脑血流调节因子和神经化学递质。我们的研究结果表明，低频率和高频率重复经颅磁刺激增加了健康小鼠的实时脑血流，并改善了中风后的神经行为结果。此外，与低频率（1Hz）重复经颅磁刺激相比，高频率（5Hz）重复经颅磁刺激显示出更强的功能充血恢复，并增加了梗死周围皮质中的突触后密度 95、神经元型一氧化氮合酶、磷酸化内皮型一氧化氮合酶和血管内皮生长因子的水平。磁共振波谱数据分析表明，低频率和高频率重复经颅磁刺激可减轻神经元损伤并维持兴奋/抑制平衡。然而，与低频率重复经颅磁刺激相比，高频率重复经颅磁刺激在中风后对兴奋性和抑制性神经递质的调节更为显著。这些结果表明，高频率重复经颅磁刺激可以更有效地促进中风后的神经血管重塑，而特定的重复经颅磁刺激频率可能被用于选择性地调节神经血管单元。
