加纳老年人语义记忆和情景记忆衰退的决定因素：来自世界卫生组织全球老龄化与成人健康研究（加纳第二轮）的证据
Determinants of semantic and episodic memory decline among older adults in Ghana: Evidence from the WHO study on global AGEing and adult health Ghana wave 2.
作者信息
Ekem-Ferguson George, Tetteh John, Malm Keziah, Yawson Anita Ohenewa, Biritwum Richard, Mensah George, Yawson Alfred Edwin
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.
Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
出版信息
Dialogues Health. 2023 Feb 24;2:100118. doi: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100118. eCollection 2023 Dec.
OBJECTIVE
Determined factors associated with semantic (SM) and episodic memory (EM) among older adults aged 50 years and older in Ghana.
METHODS
Data from WHO Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) Ghana Wave 2 was used for this study. Semantic memory (SM) and Episodic memory (EM) were the main study outcomes separately. The study employed Nested Ordinary Least Square regression analysis by sequentially adding 6 blocks of variables and comparison tests between the nested models.
RESULTS
The study involved 3575 adult Ghanaians aged 50 years and older with a mean ± standard deviation of 62.6 ± 18.4 years. The overall mean ± SD of EM and SM were 5.86 ± 2.51 and 11.69 ± 8.59 respectively. Overall, analysis from block 6 showed a significant variation in SM by approximately 16.9%(ΔR = 1.17%) where increasing age, never married (β = -1.55; 95% CI = -2.41-0.69), being resident in Greater Accra (regional disparity) (β = -3.45; 95% CI = -4.73-2.20), underweight (β = -0.81;95% CI = -1.34-0.27), and moderate self-rated health (SRH) (β = -0.98; 95% CI = -1.52-0.45) significantly decreased SM. Similarly, increasing age, separated/divorced (β = -0.22; 95% CI = -0.35-0.87), being resident in Greater Accra (β = -0.53; 95% CI = -0.80-0.26), and moderate SRH (β = -0.20; 95% CI = -0.36--0.04) significantly decrease EM with an overall significant variation of approximately 22.9%(ΔR = 2.7%).
CONCLUSIONS
Increasing age, sex, marital status, regional disparity, and poor SRH significantly decreased both Semantic memory and Episodic memory. Higher educational attainment and life satisfaction significantly influenced SM and EM. These provide pointers to important socio-demographic determinants of SM and EM with implications for the implementation of the Ghana national ageing policy 2010, 'ageing with security and dignity', and as a key consideration for healthy ageing towards 2030.
目的
确定加纳50岁及以上老年人语义记忆（SM）和情景记忆（EM）的相关因素。
方法
本研究使用了世界卫生组织全球老龄化与成人健康研究（SAGE）加纳第二轮的数据。语义记忆（SM）和情景记忆（EM）分别作为主要研究结果。该研究采用嵌套普通最小二乘回归分析，依次添加6组变量，并对嵌套模型进行比较检验。
结果
该研究纳入了3575名50岁及以上的加纳成年人，平均年龄±标准差为62.6±18.4岁。EM和SM的总体均值±标准差分别为5.86±2.51和11.69±8.59。总体而言，第6组分析显示SM有显著变化，约为16.9%（ΔR = 1.17%），其中年龄增长、从未结婚（β = -1.55；95%置信区间 = -2.41 - 0.69）、居住在大阿克拉地区（地区差异）（β = -3.45；95%置信区间 = -4.73 - 2.20）、体重过轻（β = -0.81；95%置信区间 = -1.34 - 0.27）以及自我评定健康状况为中等（SRH）（β = -0.98；95%置信区间 = -1.52 - 0.45）均显著降低SM。同样，年龄增长、分居/离婚（β = -0.22；95%置信区间 = -0.35 - 0.87）、居住在大阿克拉地区（β = -0.53；95%置信区间 = -0.80 - 0.26）以及自我评定健康状况为中等（β = -0.20；95%置信区间 = -0.36 - -0.04）均显著降低EM，总体显著变化约为22.9%（ΔR = 2.7%）。
结论
年龄增长、性别、婚姻状况、地区差异以及较差的自我评定健康状况均显著降低语义记忆和情景记忆。较高的教育程度和生活满意度对SM和EM有显著影响。这些为SM和EM的重要社会人口学决定因素提供了线索，对2010年加纳国家老龄化政策“安全且有尊严地老龄化”的实施具有启示意义，也是迈向2030年健康老龄化的关键考虑因素。
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