Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Faculty of Information Technology, Horizon Campus, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2024 Mar;7(3):e2045. doi: 10.1002/cnr2.2045.
Precision healthcare has entered a new era because of the developments in personalized medicine, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This paper explores the dynamic landscape of personalized medicine as applied to HNSCC, encompassing both current developments and future prospects.
The integration of personalized medicine strategies into HNSCC diagnosis is driven by the utilization of genetic data and biomarkers. Epigenetic biomarkers, which reflect modifications to DNA that can influence gene expression, have emerged as valuable indicators for early detection and risk assessment. Treatment approaches within the personalized medicine framework are equally promising. Immunotherapy, gene silencing, and editing techniques, including RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9, offer innovative means to modulate gene expression and correct genetic aberrations driving HNSCC. The integration of stem cell research with personalized medicine presents opportunities for tailored regenerative approaches. The synergy between personalized medicine and technological advancements is exemplified by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) applications. These tools empower clinicians to analyze vast datasets, predict patient responses, and optimize treatment strategies with unprecedented accuracy.
The developments and prospects of personalized medicine in HNSCC diagnosis and treatment offer a transformative approach to managing this complex malignancy. By harnessing genetic insights, biomarkers, immunotherapy, gene editing, stem cell therapies, and advanced technologies like AI and ML, personalized medicine holds the key to enhancing patient outcomes and ushering in a new era of precision oncology.
精准医疗由于个性化医学的发展，特别是在头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）的诊断和治疗方面，已经进入了一个新时代。本文探讨了个性化医学在 HNSCC 中的应用的动态图景，包括当前的发展和未来的前景。
个性化医学策略在 HNSCC 诊断中的整合是由遗传数据和生物标志物的利用驱动的。表观遗传生物标志物反映了可以影响基因表达的 DNA 修饰，它们已成为早期检测和风险评估的有价值指标。个性化医学框架内的治疗方法同样有前途。免疫疗法、基因沉默和编辑技术，包括 RNA 干扰和 CRISPR/Cas9，为调节基因表达和纠正驱动 HNSCC 的遗传异常提供了创新手段。将干细胞研究与个性化医学相结合为定制再生方法提供了机会。个性化医学与技术进步的协同作用体现在人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 应用中。这些工具使临床医生能够分析大量数据集，预测患者的反应，并以前所未有的准确性优化治疗策略。
个性化医学在 HNSCC 诊断和治疗方面的发展和前景为管理这种复杂的恶性肿瘤提供了一种变革性的方法。通过利用遗传见解、生物标志物、免疫疗法、基因编辑、干细胞疗法以及人工智能和 ML 等先进技术，个性化医学为提高患者的治疗效果和开创精准肿瘤学的新时代提供了关键。
