Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Valiasr Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
J Med Case Rep. 2024 Mar 25;18(1):145. doi: 10.1186/s13256-024-04465-8.
Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is classified among the benign ovarian germ cell neoplasms, and its malignant transformation occurs very rarely (in about 2%). As a result of nonspecific signs and symptoms, preoperative diagnosis of theses malignancies is a challenge to clinicians, resulting in delayed diagnosis (in advanced stages) and poor outcomes.
We report the case of a 43-year-old Iranian woman with progressive distension of the abdomen and hypogastric pain, who was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma transformation in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary confirmed by histopathology examination. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingooophorectomy, and comprehensive staging surgery were performed for the patient, and she was scheduled for chemotherapy after the surgery. She responded well to the treatment and is currently continuing her chemotherapy process.
There are a great number of reports in the literature regarding mature cystic teratoma of the ovary transformation into malignancy, so these neoplasms must be considered as a possible differential diagnosis and should be evaluated in older individuals with abdominal pain and palpable mass, or those with considerable tumor diameter and raised serum tumor markers.
卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤属于良性卵巢生殖细胞肿瘤，其恶性转化非常罕见（约 2%）。由于缺乏特异性的体征和症状，这些肿瘤的术前诊断对临床医生来说是一个挑战，导致诊断延迟（处于晚期）和预后不良。
我们报告了一例 43 岁的伊朗女性病例，其出现进行性腹胀和下腹疼痛，经组织病理学检查诊断为卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤的鳞状细胞癌转化。对该患者行全子宫切除术、双侧输卵管卵巢切除术和全面分期手术，术后计划进行化疗。她对治疗反应良好，目前正在继续进行化疗过程。
文献中有大量关于卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤恶变的报道，因此对于腹痛和可触及肿块的老年患者，或那些肿瘤直径较大且血清肿瘤标志物升高的患者，必须将这些肿瘤作为可能的鉴别诊断之一。
