Winslow S G, Gerstner H B
Drug Chem Toxicol. 1978;1(3):259-75. doi: 10.3109/01480547809105020.
First prepared in 1831, chloroform was initially employed as an "ideal" anesthetic. Chloroform was later found to cause heart and liver damage and, with the discovery of safer agents, lost importance as a medical anesthetic. Today chloroform is used primarily as a solvent in industry, in the production of antibiotics, as a cleaning agent, and as an ingredient in pharmaceutical and veterinary formulations. A recent report issued by the National Cancer Institute implicates chloroform as a carcinogen in laboratory rodents. These findings, in conjunction with enforcement of the Delaney Clause have generated renewed interest in chemicals such as chloroform which are not only used in a variety of industrial applications, but which are also available to the general public in a number of food and cosmetic products.
氯仿于1831年首次制备，最初被用作“理想”麻醉剂。后来发现氯仿会导致心脏和肝脏损伤，随着更安全药物的发现，它作为医用麻醉剂的重要性逐渐降低。如今，氯仿主要用作工业溶剂、抗生素生产中的溶剂、清洁剂以及药物和兽用制剂的成分。美国国家癌症研究所最近发布的一份报告指出，氯仿在实验啮齿动物中是一种致癌物。这些发现，再加上《德莱尼条款》的实施，引发了人们对氯仿等化学品的新关注，这些化学品不仅用于各种工业应用，而且在许多食品和化妆品中也可供公众使用。
