Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2024 Mar 1;27(3):330-337. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_471_23. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Fear of childbirth (FOC) is a common problem associated with psycho-social factors in pregnant women.
This study aimed to determine the mediator of social support and the moderator role of fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the relationship between self-efficacy and FOC in pregnant women.
This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 422 pregnant women registered in 18 family health centers. Data were collected with the introductory information form, the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire-A, the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Fear of COVID19 Scale. The SPSS 22 package program and Hayes's process macro 3.2 were used in the analysis of the data.
Findings showed that 19.9% of the pregnant women experienced severe FOC. Self-efficacy and social support negatively predicted FOC, while fear of COVID-19 predicted it positively. Perceived social support moderately mediated the relationship between FOC and self-efficacy. Fear of COVID-19 was found to be a marginally effective moderator in the relationship between self-efficacy and FOC. This indicates that as self-efficacy increases in pregnant women with low fear of COVID-19, the FOC is experienced less.
In the relationship between self-efficacy and FOC, social support is a key factor in reducing FOC. To reduce the FOC, the social support of pregnant women should be strengthened, and the fear associated with acute crisis periods such as pandemics should be reduced with some preventive measures.
分娩恐惧（FOC）是与孕妇心理社会因素相关的常见问题。
本研究旨在确定社会支持的中介作用，以及对 2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）恐惧在孕妇自我效能感与 FOC 之间关系的调节作用。
这是一项描述性和横断面研究，共纳入了 18 个家庭健康中心的 422 名孕妇。数据收集采用自我介绍表、Wijma 分娩期望/体验问卷-A、分娩自我效能感量表、多维感知社会支持量表和 COVID-19 恐惧量表。使用 SPSS 22 程序包和 Hayes 的 process macro 3.2 进行数据分析。
研究发现，19.9%的孕妇经历了严重的 FOC。自我效能感和社会支持对 FOC 有负向预测作用，而对 COVID-19 的恐惧则有正向预测作用。感知社会支持在 FOC 和自我效能感之间起到了适度的中介作用。COVID-19 恐惧被发现是自我效能感和 FOC 之间关系的一个边缘有效调节因素。这表明，在 COVID-19 恐惧程度较低的孕妇中，自我效能感的增加会导致 FOC 的减少。
在自我效能感与 FOC 之间的关系中，社会支持是减少 FOC 的关键因素。为了降低 FOC，应加强孕妇的社会支持，并通过一些预防措施减少与急性危机时期（如大流行）相关的恐惧。
