Department of Geology, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Nigeria.
Department of Statistics, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Nigeria.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Mar 26;196(4):397. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-12548-8.
One of the main causes of contaminated groundwater in emerging nations is improper trash disposal in urban areas, which affects the level of groundwater contamination caused by contaminants of municipal solid waste (MSW) origin within the three local government headquarters in Akwa Ibom State, southeastern Nigeria. The main thrust of this research survey is to assess the level of groundwater contaminations and their consequences. The research used statistical data generated from the Electrical Resistivity Survey (ERS) in combination with hydrogeochemical investigations. Analysis of variance of resistivity between Uyo, Ikot Ekpene and Oron was carried out. The test result indicated significant difference in contamination among the three cities. This was followed by a t-test between each pair of dump and control sites in the three cities. The test results showed significant difference between each control and dumpsite. The results showed that leachate layer conductivity is always higher than that of the layer above it. All water samples from boreholes close to the dumpsites were identified by hydrogeochemical analysis to exhibit pH (3.70-4.15) lower than the permissible limit of the WHO; few water samples exhibit increased electrical conductivity (EC), cadmium and total dissolved solids (TDS). Similarly, the bacteriological analyses indicated a high level of microbial load due to the waste dump. Formations found in boreholes close to the dumpsite have litho-correlations which depict intercalations of comparatively impermeable and porous materials. The findings reveal that leachate (contaminate) travels slowly downward, allowing for physical, chemical and biological processes to filter out impurities before they get to the aquifer. It is recommended that no new water supply wells should be placed in areas of abnormally low resistivity and physicochemical and bacteriological parameters, until the reasons for these values are properly assessed.
在新兴国家，地下水受到污染的一个主要原因是城市地区的垃圾处理不当，这影响了尼日利亚东南部阿克瓦伊博姆州三个地方政府总部地区城市固体废物（MSW）来源污染物对地下水污染的程度。这项研究调查的主要目的是评估地下水污染的程度及其后果。该研究使用了电阻率调查（ERS）生成的统计数据，并结合了水文地球化学调查。对乌约、伊科特埃克佩内和奥伦的电阻率进行了方差分析。测试结果表明，这三个城市的污染程度存在显著差异。随后，对这三个城市的每个垃圾场和对照点之间进行了 t 检验。测试结果表明，每个对照点和垃圾场之间存在显著差异。结果表明，沥滤液层的电导率总是高于其上方的电导率。通过水文地球化学分析，所有来自靠近垃圾场的钻孔的水样均显示 pH（3.70-4.15）低于世界卫生组织的允许限值；少数水样的电导率（EC）、镉和总溶解固体（TDS）增加。同样，细菌学分析表明，由于垃圾场，微生物负荷水平很高。在靠近垃圾场的钻孔中发现的地层具有岩性相关性，描绘了相对不可渗透和多孔材料的互层。研究结果表明，渗滤液（污染物）向下缓慢移动，使物理、化学和生物过程在到达含水层之前过滤掉杂质。建议在电阻率和理化及细菌参数异常低的地区，不应再放置新的供水井，直到对这些值的原因进行适当评估。
