Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Centre, Terra Associate Laboratory, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Apr;356:120552. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120552. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Partial replacement of mineral fertilisers (MF) with animal manures is a good alternative to reduce MF use and increase both nutrient cycling in agriculture and soil organic matter. However, the adoption of this practice must not lead to increased environmental impacts. In this two-year study conducted in an apple orchard, MF were partially replaced with various animal manures, including cattle slurry (CS), acidified cattle slurry (ACS), solid cattle manure (CsM), or poultry manure (PM), and their impacts on greenhouse gas emission (GHG: CO, NO and CH) were examined. A control (CTRL) receiving only MF served as the baseline, representing the conventional scenario in orchard fertilisation. Overall, replacing MF with manures increased GHG emissions, with the magnitude of the impacts depending on the specific characteristics of the manures and the amount of nutrients and organic matter applied. Comparing to the CTRL, application of ACS and CS led to higher CH and NO emissions, while PM application increased both NO and CO emissions. In contrast, replacement with PM and CsM decreased CH emissions. Nevertheless, results varied between the two years, influenced by several factors, including soil conditions. While acidification showed potential to mitigate CH emissions, it also led to increased NO emissions compared to CS, particularly in 2022, suggesting the need for further investigation to avoid emission trade-offs. Replacement with CS (20.49 t CO ha) and CsM (20.30 t CO ha) showed comparable global warming potential (GWP) to the conventional scenario (CTRL, 19.49 t CO ha), highlighting their potential as viable MF substitutes.
部分替代矿物肥料（MF）使用动物粪便，是减少 MF 使用量、增加农业养分循环和土壤有机质的一种很好的选择。然而，这种做法的采用绝不能导致环境影响的增加。在这项为期两年的研究中，在一个苹果园中，MF 被部分用各种动物粪便替代，包括牛粪浆（CS）、酸化牛粪浆（ACS）、固体牛粪（CsM）或家禽粪便（PM），并检查了它们对温室气体排放（GHG：CO、NO 和 CH）的影响。仅接受 MF 的对照（CTRL）作为基线，代表果园施肥中的常规方案。总的来说，用粪便替代 MF 会增加 GHG 排放，其影响的大小取决于粪便的具体特性、施用的养分和有机质的数量。与 CTRL 相比，ACS 和 CS 的应用导致 CH 和 NO 排放增加，而 PM 的应用增加了 NO 和 CO 排放。相比之下，用 PM 和 CsM 替代则减少了 CH 排放。然而，结果在两年之间有所不同，受到包括土壤条件在内的多种因素的影响。虽然酸化显示出减少 CH 排放的潜力，但与 CS 相比，它也导致了 NO 排放的增加，特别是在 2022 年，这表明需要进一步调查以避免排放的权衡。用 CS（20.49 t CO ha）和 CsM（20.30 t CO ha）替代显示出与常规方案（CTRL，19.49 t CO ha）相当的全球变暖潜力（GWP），突出了它们作为 MF 替代品的潜力。
