Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 26;14(1):7130. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57118-7.
This study aimed to quantitatively assess the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness, as well as the microvascular alterations in the macula and peripapillary regions, in optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) patients compared to normal controls. This was achieved through the utilization of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), with a specific focus on elucidating the association between these structural alterations and visual acuity. We included a total of 17 eyes of 12 ONH patients, and 34 eyes of age-matched 34 healthy controls. The pRNFL thickness was quantified using SD-OCT, while OCTA facilitated the visualization and measurement of the microvascular structure images of the superficial retinal capillary plexus (SRCP), deep retinal capillary plexus (DRCP), and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) segment in the macula and peripapillary area. pRNFL thickness was measured for eight sectors (superior, temporal, inferior, nasal, superotemporal, superonasal, inferotemporal, and inferonasal). SRCP, DRCP, and RPC were measured for four sectors (superior, temporal, inferior, and nasal). Age, gender, and spherical equivalent refractive errors were statistically adjusted for the analysis. Associations of structural parameters with visual acuity in ONH patients were analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis. pRNFL thickness was significantly thinner in ONH patients than in controls for all sectors. Vessel densities of temporal and nasal sectors in DRCP were significantly higher in ONH patients, but vessel densities of the inferior sector in RPC were significantly lower than those in controls. For all sectors, pRNFL thickness was strongly associated with visual acuity in ONH patients. ONH patients showed significant pRNFL thinning and microvascular alterations compared to controls, and pRNFL thickness was strongly associated with visual function. OCT and OCTA are useful tools for evaluating optic disc hypoplasia and its functional status.
本研究旨在通过使用谱域光相干断层扫描（SD-OCT）和光相干断层扫描血管造影（OCTA），定量评估视盘发育不良（ONH）患者与正常对照组相比，视盘神经纤维层（pRNFL）厚度以及黄斑和视盘周围区域的微血管改变，重点探讨这些结构改变与视力之间的关系。我们共纳入了 12 名 ONH 患者的 17 只眼和 34 名年龄匹配的健康对照者的 34 只眼。使用 SD-OCT 定量测量 pRNFL 厚度，而 OCTA 则有助于可视化和测量黄斑和视盘周围区域的浅层视网膜毛细血管丛（SRCP）、深层视网膜毛细血管丛（DRCP）和放射状视盘毛细血管（RPC）的微血管结构图像。pRNFL 厚度测量了 8 个象限（上、颞、下、鼻、颞上、鼻上、颞下和鼻下）。SRCP、DRCP 和 RPC 分别测量了 4 个象限（上、颞、下和鼻）。对分析进行了统计学调整，包括年龄、性别和等效球镜屈光度。使用 Spearman 相关分析评估 ONH 患者的结构参数与视力的相关性。与对照组相比，ONH 患者的所有象限的 pRNFL 厚度均明显变薄。ONH 患者的颞侧和鼻侧的 DRCP 血管密度明显较高，但 RPC 下象限的血管密度明显低于对照组。对于所有象限，pRNFL 厚度与 ONH 患者的视力密切相关。与对照组相比，ONH 患者表现出明显的 pRNFL 变薄和微血管改变，且 pRNFL 厚度与视觉功能密切相关。OCT 和 OCTA 是评估视盘发育不良及其功能状态的有用工具。
