Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Mov Disord. 2024 Jul;39(7):1203-1212. doi: 10.1002/mds.29778. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Modifiable risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD) are poorly known.
The aim is to evaluate independent associations of different nutritional components, physical activity, and sedentary behavior and metabolic factors with the risk of PD.
In this population-based prospective cohort study using the data of the United Kingdom Biobank (from 2006-2010), 502,017 men and women who were free from PD (International Classification of Diseases 10th edition; "G20") at baseline were included. We implemented a Cox proportion hazard's model to evaluate the associations of different levels of physical activity, sitting time, sleep habits, diet quality, alcohol and coffee consumption, smoking, and body mass index with PD risk, adjusting for several confounding variables.
During a median follow-up of 12.8 years, lifestyle factors including vigorous physical activity (hazard ration [HR] = 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75-0.94), low-to-moderate sitting time (HR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.97), and high sleep quality (HR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80-0.99) were associated with a reduced risk of PD. Small amounts of coffee (HR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.95), red meat (HR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.97), and current smoking (HR = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.56-0.75) were also associated with a lower risk of PD, whereas alcohol intake (HR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.06-1.56) with higher PD risk. Secondary analysis, including metabolic risk factors, confirmed these findings and highlighted the potential protective effect of plasma vitamin D and uric acid, but of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein as well.
Vigorous physical activity, reduced sitting time, good sleep quality together with small coffee intake and vitamin D supplementation are potentially neuroprotective lifestyle interventions for the prevention of PD. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
帕金森病（PD）的可改变风险因素知之甚少。
旨在评估不同营养成分、身体活动和久坐行为以及代谢因素与 PD 风险的独立关联。
在这项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究中，使用英国生物库（2006-2010 年）的数据，纳入了 502,017 名基线时无 PD（国际疾病分类第 10 版；“G20”）的男性和女性。我们实施了 Cox 比例风险模型来评估不同水平的身体活动、久坐时间、睡眠习惯、饮食质量、酒精和咖啡摄入、吸烟以及体重指数与 PD 风险的关联，同时调整了几个混杂变量。
在中位随访 12.8 年期间，生活方式因素包括剧烈身体活动（风险比 [HR] = 0.84；95%置信区间 [CI]，0.75-0.94）、低至中等久坐时间（HR = 0.89；95% CI，0.81-0.97）和高睡眠质量（HR = 0.89；95% CI，0.80-0.99）与 PD 风险降低相关。少量摄入咖啡（HR = 0.88；95% CI，0.82-0.95）、红肉类（HR = 0.86；95% CI，0.76-0.97）和当前吸烟（HR = 0.65；95% CI，0.56-0.75）也与 PD 风险降低相关，而饮酒（HR = 1.29；95% CI，1.06-1.56）与 PD 风险升高相关。包括代谢风险因素在内的二次分析证实了这些发现，并强调了血浆维生素 D 和尿酸的潜在保护作用，但也强调了低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和 C 反应蛋白的潜在作用。
剧烈身体活动、减少久坐时间、良好的睡眠质量以及少量摄入咖啡和补充维生素 D 可能是预防 PD 的神经保护生活方式干预措施。
