Wang Xuran, Wang Mingliang, Zhang Zilong, Wei Dong, Cai Shidong, Li Yuheng, Zhang Rui, Zhang Liangliang, Zhang Ruidan, Zhu Chenhui, Huang Xiaozhen, Gao Feng, Gao Peng, Wang Yang, Huang Wei
Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China.
College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China.
Research (Wash D C). 2024 Mar 23;7:0332. doi: 10.34133/research.0332. eCollection 2024.
2,2',7,7'-Tetrakis(,-di-p-methoxyphenyl)-amine-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) represents the state-of-the-art hole-transporting material (HTM) in n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, its susceptibility to stability issues has been a long-standing concern. In this study, we embark on a comprehensive exploration of the untapped potential within the family of spiro-type HTMs using an innovative anisotropic regulation strategy. Diverging from conventional approaches that can only modify spirobifluorene with single functional group, this approach allows us to independently tailor the two orthogonal components of the spiro-skeleton at the molecular level. The newly designed HTM, SF-MPA-MCz, features enhanced thermal stability, precise energy level alignment, superior film morphology, and optimized interfacial properties when compared to Spiro-OMeTAD, which contribute to a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.53% for PSCs employing SF-MPA-MCz with substantially improved thermal stability and operational stability. Note that the optimal concentration for SF-MPA-MCz solution is only 30 mg/ml, significantly lower than Spiro-OMeTAD (>70 mg/ml), which could remarkably reduce the cost especially for large-area processing in future commercialization. This work presents a promising avenue for the versatile design of multifunctional HTMs, offering a blueprint for achieving efficient and stable PSCs.
2,2',7,7'-四（-二对甲氧基苯基）-胺-9,9'-螺二芴（Spiro-OMeTAD）是n-i-p型钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）中最先进的空穴传输材料（HTM）。然而，其对稳定性问题的敏感性一直是人们长期关注的问题。在本研究中，我们采用创新的各向异性调控策略，对螺型HTM家族中尚未开发的潜力进行了全面探索。与只能用单官能团修饰螺二芴的传统方法不同，这种方法使我们能够在分子水平上独立地调整螺骨架的两个正交组分。新设计的HTM，SF-MPA-MCz，与Spiro-OMeTAD相比，具有增强的热稳定性、精确的能级排列、优异的薄膜形态和优化的界面性质，这有助于采用SF-MPA-MCz的PSC实现24.53%的显著功率转换效率（PCE），同时热稳定性和操作稳定性也得到了大幅提高。请注意，SF-MPA-MCz溶液的最佳浓度仅为30mg/ml，显著低于Spiro-OMeTAD（>70mg/ml），这可以显著降低成本，特别是在未来商业化的大面积加工中。这项工作为多功能HTM的通用设计提供了一条有前途的途径，为实现高效稳定的PSC提供了蓝图。
