The influence of microwave ablation parameters on the positioning of trocar in different cancerous tissues: a numerical study.

The present study analyzed the microwave ablation of cancerous tumors located in six major cancer-prone organs and estimated the significance of input power and treatment time parameters in the apt positioning of the trocar into the tissue during microwave ablation. The present study has considered a three-dimensional two-compartment tumour-embedded tissue model. FEA based COMSOL Multiphysics software with inbuilt bioheat transfer, electromagnetic waves, heat transfer in solids and fluids, and laminar flow physics has been used to obtain the numerical results. Based on the mortality rates caused by cancer, the present study has considered six major organs affected by cancer, viz. lung, breast, stomach/gastric, liver, liver (with colon metastasis), and kidney for MWA analysis. The input power (100 W) and ablation times (4 minutes) with apt and inapt positioning of the trocar have been considered to compare the ablation volume of various cancerous tissues. The present study addresses one of the major problems clinicians face, i.e. the proper placement of the trocar due to poor imaging techniques and human error, resulting in incomplete tumor ablation and increased surgical procedures. The highest values of the ablation region have been observed for the liver, colon metastatic liver and breast cancerous tissues compared with other organs at the same operating conditions.