Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
Microsc Res Tech. 2024 Aug;87(8):1849-1861. doi: 10.1002/jemt.24564. Epub 2024 Mar 27.
The order Sapindales is comprised of nine families and in Brazil it is represented by six, including Rutaceae Juss., which constitutes the largest group of this order. A variety of species of Zanthoxylum L. are distributed throughout the country, and among them is the species Zanthoxylum kleinii (R.S. Cowan) P.G. Waterman, which is found in the states of Brazil. This study aimed to characterize the morphoanatomy of the leaf, petiole, rachis, and stem of the species Z. kleinii. Histochemical tests were performed, and the sections were visualized under optical and scanning electron microscopy. The analysis showed that the morphoanatomical characteristics of the species are: hypoestomatic leaflets; stomata classified as anomocytic, tetracytic, and anisocytic; dorsiventral mesophyll; cavities that produce a secretion of lipid nature, present in the leaflet, rachis, and petiole; colleters distributed in the leaf; presence of simple non-glandular trichomes in all structures; and prismatic crystals in the petiole. Histochemical tests indicated the presence of phenolic and lipophilic compounds, mucilage, and lignin. With the result of this research, it was possible to identify the nature of the compounds secreted by the secretory structures of the leaves; in addition, the morphoanatomical characterization of Z. kleinii can provide relevant data for future studies for other organs of the species not yet described. Furthermore, contributing concomitantly with data for the genus, in this way, supporting to differentiate them. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Ultrastructural features observed by microscopic techniques. Calcium oxalate crystals present in the rachis. Microchemical tests confirmed the presence of colleters in the leaflet.
漆树目由九个科组成，巴西有六个科，其中包括芸香科，它是该目中最大的科。巴西有各种各样的花椒属物种，其中包括 Kleinii 花椒（R.S. Cowan）P.G. Waterman，分布于全国各地。本研究旨在对 Kleinii 花椒的叶、叶柄、轴和茎的形态解剖结构进行特征描述。进行了组织化学测试，并通过光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察切片。分析表明，该物种的形态解剖学特征为：叶下表皮；气孔分类为无规则型、四面体型和不等型；背腹型叶肉；腔隙，产生脂类物质的分泌，存在于小叶、轴和叶柄中；在叶片中分布有分泌组织；在所有结构中都存在简单的非腺毛；在叶柄中存在棱柱形晶体。组织化学测试表明存在酚类和脂溶性化合物、黏液质和木质素。通过这项研究的结果，可以确定叶片分泌结构分泌的化合物的性质；此外，Kleinii 花椒的形态解剖学特征可以为该物种尚未描述的其他器官的未来研究提供相关数据。此外，通过这种方式与属的数据共同支持，有助于区分它们。研究亮点：通过微观技术观察到的超微结构特征。轴中存在草酸钙晶体。微量化学测试证实了小叶中有分泌组织的存在。
