Parada Javiera, Tortella Gonzalo, Seabra Amedea B, Fincheira Paola, Rubilar Olga
Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2024 Feb 26;13(3):215. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13030215.
Copper oxide nanoparticles (NCuO) have emerged as an alternative to pesticides due to their antifungal effect against various phytopathogens. Combining them with fungicides represents an advantageous strategy for reducing the necessary amount of both agents to inhibit fungal growth, simultaneously reducing their environmental release. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of NCuO combined with three fungicide models separately: Iprodione (IPR), Tebuconazole (TEB), and Pyrimethanil (PYR) against two phytopathogenic fungi: and The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) was calculated as a synergism indicator (FIC ≤ 0.5). The NCuO interacted synergistically with TEB against both fungi and with IPR only against . The interaction with PYR was additive against both fungi (FIC > 0.5). The biomass was inhibited by 80.9% and 93% using 20 mg L NCuO + 1.56 mg L TEB, and 40 mg L NCuO + 12 µg L IPR, respectively, without significant differences compared to the inhibition provoked by 160 mg L NCuO. Additionally, the protein leakage and nucleic acid release were also evaluated as mechanisms associated with the synergistic effect. The results obtained in this study revealed that combining nanoparticles with fungicides can be an adequate strategy to significantly reduce the release of metals and agrochemicals into the environment after being used as antifungals.
氧化铜纳米颗粒（NCuO）因其对多种植物病原体具有抗真菌作用，已成为农药的替代品。将它们与杀菌剂结合是一种有利的策略，可减少两种药剂抑制真菌生长所需的用量，同时减少它们向环境中的释放。本研究旨在分别评估NCuO与三种杀菌剂模型：异菌脲（IPR）、戊唑醇（TEB）和嘧霉胺（PYR）联合对两种植物病原真菌的抗真菌活性。计算分数抑制浓度（FIC）作为协同作用指标（FIC≤0.5）。NCuO与TEB对两种真菌均具有协同作用，与IPR仅对[此处原文缺失一种真菌名称]具有协同作用。与PYR的相互作用对两种真菌均为相加作用（FIC>0.5）。使用20 mg/L NCuO + 1.56 mg/L TEB和40 mg/L NCuO + 12 μg/L IPR时，[此处原文缺失一种真菌名称]生物量分别被抑制80.9%和93%，与160 mg/L NCuO引起的抑制相比无显著差异。此外，还评估了蛋白质泄漏和核酸释放作为与协同效应相关的机制。本研究获得的结果表明，将纳米颗粒与杀菌剂结合可能是一种适当的策略，可在用作抗真菌剂后显著减少金属和农用化学品向环境中的释放。
