Fernandes Lara M, Lorigo Margarida, Cairrao Elisa
CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Feb 21;46(3):1668-1693. doi: 10.3390/cimb46030108.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) represent a substantial risk to maternal and fetal health. Emerging evidence suggests an association between testosterone and pre-eclampsia (PE), potentially mediated through androgen receptors (AR). Nevertheless, the mechanism driving this association is yet to be elucidated. On the other hand, reports of transgender men's pregnancies offer a limited and insightful opportunity to understand the role of high androgen levels in the development of HDP. In this sense, a literature review was performed from a little over 2 decades (1998-2022) to address the association of testosterone levels with the development of HDP. Furthermore, this review addresses the case of transgender men for the first time. The main in vitro outcomes reveal placenta samples with greater AR mRNA expression. Moreover, ex vivo studies show that testosterone-induced vasorelaxation impairment promotes hypertension. Epidemiological data point to greater testosterone levels in blood samples during PE. Studies with transgender men allow us to infer that exogenous testosterone administration can be considered a risk factor for PE and that the administration of testosterone does not affect fetal development. Overall, all studies analyzed suggested that high testosterone levels are associated with PE.
妊娠期高血压疾病（HDP）对孕产妇和胎儿健康构成重大风险。新出现的证据表明，睾酮与子痫前期（PE）之间存在关联，可能通过雄激素受体（AR）介导。然而，驱动这种关联的机制尚待阐明。另一方面，跨性别男性怀孕的报道为了解高雄激素水平在HDP发展中的作用提供了有限但有见地的机会。从这个意义上说，我们对20多年（1998 - 2022年）的文献进行了综述，以探讨睾酮水平与HDP发展之间的关联。此外，本综述首次探讨了跨性别男性的情况。主要的体外研究结果显示胎盘样本中AR mRNA表达更高。此外，体外研究表明，睾酮诱导的血管舒张功能受损会促进高血压。流行病学数据表明，子痫前期患者血液样本中的睾酮水平更高。对跨性别男性的研究使我们能够推断，外源性睾酮给药可被视为子痫前期的一个危险因素，且睾酮给药不影响胎儿发育。总体而言，所有分析的研究都表明高睾酮水平与子痫前期有关。
