Svensson Mikael, Selling Jonas, Dirven Mark
Evidensia Valla Djursjukhus, 582 13 Linköping, Sweden.
Statistikakademin, 753 21 Uppsala, Sweden.
Vet Sci. 2024 Mar 21;11(3):136. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11030136.
Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common acquired heart disease in dogs and its occurrence in small-and medium-sized dogs has been extensively investigated. MMVD has been described in large breed dogs as well, but substantial knowledge gaps remain. The aim of this study was to provide characteristics, survival times, and prognostic variables in large breed dogs with MMVD. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with MMVD, between 2012 and 2021, were retrospectively reviewed and 202 dogs were analyzed. Median survival time (MST) for all-cause mortality was 800 days for stage B1 dogs, 274 days for stage B2 dogs, and 184 days for stage C dogs. The MST for cardiac-related death for B1 dogs could not be calculated (because survival was greater than 50% at the last timepoint) and for stage B2 and C dogs the MST were 484 and 252 days, respectively. These findings suggest that the frequency of cardiac-related death is low in large breed dogs with stage B1 MMVD. In addition, increased left atrial and ventricular size, evidence of systolic dysfunction, a thrilling murmur, and increased early trans-mitral peak velocity are predictors of cardiac-related death. Data also suggest that the risk of a negative outcome increases profoundly when large breed dogs advance from ACVIM stage B1 into stage B2 or C.
黏液瘤性二尖瓣疾病（MMVD）是犬类最常见的后天性心脏病，其在中小型犬中的发病情况已得到广泛研究。大型犬中也有MMVD的相关描述，但仍存在大量知识空白。本研究的目的是提供患有MMVD的大型犬的特征、生存时间和预后变量。对2012年至2021年间诊断为MMVD的犬只的病历进行回顾性审查，并对202只犬进行分析。B1期犬全因死亡率的中位生存时间（MST）为800天，B2期犬为274天，C期犬为184天。B1期犬心脏相关死亡的MST无法计算（因为在最后一个时间点生存率大于50%），B2期和C期犬心脏相关死亡的MST分别为484天和252天。这些发现表明，患有B1期MMVD的大型犬心脏相关死亡的发生率较低。此外，左心房和心室增大、收缩功能障碍的证据、震颤性杂音以及早期二尖瓣峰值速度增加是心脏相关死亡的预测因素。数据还表明，当大型犬从美国兽医内科学会（ACVIM）B1期进展到B2期或C期时，不良结局的风险会大幅增加。
