Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil.
CAFISIO Mulher, Belém, PA, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2024 Mar 27;19(3):e0291588. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291588. eCollection 2024.
The pelvic floor requires an integrated anatomical structure owing to its multiple functions. Therefore, it is necessary to study methods for improving muscle recruitment during training. This study aimed to analyze the effect of using an innovative vaginal trainer on the bioelectrical activity of the pelvic floor muscles. Pelvic positioning and interference factors, such as age, childbirth, sexual activity, urinary incontinence, and menopause, were also analyzed. A cross-sectional study assessed 30 women using an evaluation form, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form, and surface electromyography. The root mean square of a 5-second contraction period, peak root mean square values, area values, % maximal voluntary contraction (root mean square normalized by peak signal), and median frequency were collected. These findings with and without the use of a vaginal educator were compared in the anteversion, neutral, and retroversion pelvic positions. The use of a vaginal educator was found to increase the electromyographic activity of the pelvic floor muscles in the neutral position. In this position, older women showed an increased peak contraction when using the educator. Multiparas also benefited from increased bioelectric activity (root mean square and area). Sexually active women increased their bioelectric activity in a neutral position when using the trainer, exerting less effort in retroversion (%-maximal voluntary contraction). Incontinent and menopausal women exhibited slower body-building activation (decreased frequency) with the device, which requires further investigation. Our innovative biofeedback device induced greater recruitment of muscle fibers, is more effective in the neutral pelvic position, and may be effective in training the pelvic floor muscles, even in women with a greater tendency toward pelvic floor dysfunction.
由于其多种功能，盆底需要一个整合的解剖结构。因此，有必要研究改善训练中肌肉募集的方法。本研究旨在分析使用创新阴道训练器对盆底肌肉生物电活动的影响。还分析了骨盆定位和干扰因素，如年龄、分娩、性活动、尿失禁和绝经。一项横断面研究使用评估表、国际尿失禁咨询问卷-短表和表面肌电图评估了 30 名女性。采集了 5 秒收缩期的均方根、峰值均方根值、面积值、最大自主收缩的百分比（峰值信号归一化的均方根）和中值频率。比较了在骨盆前倾、中立和后倾位置使用和不使用阴道训练器时的这些发现。使用阴道训练器被发现增加了中立位盆底肌肉的肌电图活动。在这个位置，使用教育者的老年女性表现出更高的峰值收缩。多产妇也受益于生物电活动的增加（均方根和面积）。性活跃的女性在使用训练器时，在中立位置增加了生物电活动，在反转位置（%-最大自主收缩）减少了努力。尿失禁和绝经后女性在使用该设备时表现出较慢的身体构建激活（频率降低），这需要进一步研究。我们的创新生物反馈设备诱导更多的肌肉纤维募集，在中立骨盆位置更有效，并且可能对训练盆底肌肉有效，即使对于盆底功能障碍倾向较大的女性也是如此。
